Whole Blood Smear Formed Elements

What is the function of an erythrocyte (RBC)?

• Transports respiratory gases:
  

  • Oxygen (O₂) to tissues

  • Carbon dioxide (CO₂) to lungs

• Key for gas exchange in the body

What do neutrophils do in the body?

• Ingest microorganisms & particles through phagocytosis (especially bacteria).

• Active in the early phase of acute inflammation.

What substances do basophils release and what are their functions?

• Heparin: Anticoagulant that prevents blood from clotting too quickly.

• Histamine: Vasodilator that promotes blood flow to tissues.

• Plays a role in hypersensitivity and severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis).

What is the main role of basophils in the immune response?

• Bind to antibodies (IgE) and release vasoactive agents.

• Help mediate hypersensitivity and allergic reactions.

What do eosinophils fight against, and how do they function?

• Fight parasitic larvae infections.

• Function at sites of allergic reactions.

• Phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes.

• Release toxic substances to kill invaders and deactivate chemical mediators of inflammation.

What do B cells and T cells (lymphocytes) do?

• B cells (plasma cells): Produce antibodies.

• T cells (cytotoxic cells): Attack foreign cells directly.

What is the function of monocytes?

• Large “monster” cells that gobble up debris and pathogens.

• Precursors to macrophages (part of the mononuclear phagocytic system).

What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets)?

• Prevent bleeding by forming a platelet plug during clot formation.

Where are all blood-formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, platelets) produced?

• Red bone marrow.