MidTerm Intro to Forensic Science II

what is the percentage of evidence evaluated in the crime lab that is drug-related?

75%

regular use of the following drug may lead to physical dependency:

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a. lsd

b. aspirin

c. marijuana

d. ethanol

d. ethanol

what is NOT true of the use of anabolic steroids?

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a. they can greatly enhance strength and general athletic performance

b. they can use masculinizing effects in females

c. they can cause unpredictable effects on mood and personality

d. they can produce infertility and diminished sex drive in males

a. they can greatly enhance strength and general athletic performance

which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

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a. cocaine

b. ethanol

c. amphetamine

d. caffeine

b. ethanol

The tranquilizers Valium and Librium are classified in which schedule of the Controlled Substances Act?

IV

Which is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States today?

marijuana

Which of the following is synthetically produced and does not occur naturally?

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a. cocaine

b. amphetamine

c. opium

d. morphine

b. amphetamine

Thin-layer chromatography was performed and four spots were visualized on the glass slide. The substance with which Rf value was LEAST hydrophobic in the stationary phase?

a. Rf value .5

b. Rf value .2

c. Rf value 8.5

d. Rf value .7

b. Rf value .2

TLC uses ________ as its moving phase.

liquid

Which drug eliminates an addict’s desire for heroin?

methadone

duquenois-levine solutions were used on a sample and the chloroform layer turned purple. this suggests that the tested substance is:

marijuana

the marquis reagent was used on drug evidence and it turned purple. the drug being tested could be:

heroin

MDMA (Ecstasy) does not cause:

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a. increased heart rate and blood pressure

b. confusion, anxiety, and paranoia

c. hallucinogenic and amphetamine-like effects

d. increased inhibition

d. increased inhibition

“designer” drugs are:

chemically related to controlled substances

What is chromatography used for?

aid in the analysis of illicit drug preparations, tentatively id molecules, separate molecules in a mixture

the van urk reagent was used to test a sample and it turned bluish-purple. this indicates the presence of :

lsd

which hallucinogen can be synthesized by a simple chemical process and is often manufactured in clandestine labs?

PCP

which drug is often incorrectly classified as a narcotic?

marijuana

a compound can tentatively be identified by gas chromatography from its:

retention time

what is the most widely used and abused drug?

alcohol

which type of test would the drug analyst logically use first?

color

gas chromatography suffers a big drawback in that it doesn’t produce specific info. this problem is overcome by connecting the gc to a:

ms

methamphetamine is a

stimulant

which barbiturate is absorbed more slowly than the others?

phenobarbital

the most satisfactory way of simultaneously separating and tentatively identifying drugs is by:

chromatography

the scott test can indicate the presence of:

cocaine

which of the following are considered to be “club drugs”?

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a. methamphetamine

b. cocaine

c. marijuana

d. rohypnol

d. rohypnol

what is the most common diluent of heroin?

quinine

the manner of collecting and preserving physical evidence at a crime scene is determined by

the nature of the evidence

the crime-scene notes must accurately record:

the tasks assigned each investigator, personnel arrivals and departures from the scene, and descriptions of evidence present at the crime scene

the evidence collector must take extraordinary care to avoid potential contamination by transferring DNA onto objects of evidential value by:

wearing a face mask

the dillie-koppanyi reagent is useful in screening for:

barbiturates

cocaine is a

stimulant

which part of cannabis contains the LEAST amount of THC?

seeds

which hallucinogen can be synthesized by a simple chemical process and is often manufactures in clandestine laboratories?

PCP

What is not true about codeine?

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a. it is present in opium

b. it is prepared synthetically from morphine

c. it is a component in over-the-counter cough medicine

d. it is stronger than morphine

d. it is stronger than morphine

the collection of standard reference samples at the crime scene is important because they:

permit comparisons to be made with the evidence

which absorption spectrum is equivalent to a “fingerprint” of a substance and can be used for identification purposes?

IR

Heroin is a chemical derivative of:

morphine

What is the least important consideration in the gathering of evidence at a crime scene?

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a. competent collection of materials

b. adequate preservation of samples

c. proper recognition of the evidence

d. guilt of the suspect(s)

d. guilt of the suspect(s)

which unit applies principles and techniques of chemistry, physics, and geology to the identification and comparison of crime scene evidence?

physical science unit

which of the following services are typically provided to law enforcement by crime laboratories?

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a. odontology

b. criminalistics

c. psychology

d. pathology

b. criminalistics

True or False: The administration of a polygraph examination does not normally lie within the expertise of the forensic scientist.

True

True or False: The effectiveness of an expert’s testimony does not usually depend on the educational background of the expert.

False

True or False: Examining garments and other objects in order to detect firearms discharge residues would be performed in the biology unit.

False

True or False: Providing expert testimony is not one of the main functions of a forensic scientist.

False

True or False: The comparison of hairs and fibers would be performed in the biology unit.

True

Who wrote the first treatise describing the application of science to the field of criminal science?

Gross

The dramatization of forensic science on tv has led to a phenomenon known as the:

CSI effect

Which unit is responsible for the examination of body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons?

Toxicology unit

The oldest forensic laboratory in the United States is that of the:

Los Angeles Police Department

Who devised a technique for determining the blood group of a dried bloodstain, which he applied to criminal investigation?

Lattes

The exchange of evidence principle was theorized by:

Locard

The case of Coppolino v. State highlights issues dealing with:

the accessibility of new scientific tests

What factor(s) do(es) the court usually take into consideration as sufficient grounds for qualification as an expert witness?

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a. experience

b. training

c. all of the above

d. education

c. all of the above

In the case of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical, Inc., the U.S. Supreme Court advocated that a “gatekeeper” determine the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence. This gatekeeper is the”

trial judge

Who is known of the “father of forensic toxicology”?

Orfila

Who undertook the first definitive study of fingerprints as a method of personal identification?

Galton

Which specialized area of forensic science examines the relationship between human behavior and legal proceedings?

Forensic psychiatry

Forensic odontology refers to the study of:

Teeth

A crime scene which involved the collapse of a structure would be analyzed by specialists in the area of:

Forensic engineering

True or False: The physical science unit is responsible for examining burned or charred documents.

False

True or False: The effectiveness of an expert’s testimony does not usually depend on the educational background of the expert.

False

True or False: The administration of a polygraph examination does not normally lie within the expertise of the forensic scientist.

True

True or False: Dr. Walter C. McCrone made significant contributions to forensic science using the microscope.

True

Which would not be included in the work of the biology unit of a crime lab?

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a. comparison of hairs

b. blood typing

c. fingerprint analysis

d. dna profiling

c. fingerprint analysis

Which of the following is not true? An expert witness must be able to demonstrate:

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a. significant experience in a relevant field

b. skill in a trade or profession that is of interest to the court

c. education in his/her area of expertise

d. a formal degree in forensic science

d. a formal degree in forensic science

Which judicial case set forth the most current guidelines determining the admissibility of scientific examinations in the federal courts”

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a. kumho tire co., ltd. v. carmichael

b. frye v. united states

c. daubert v. merrell dow pharmaceuticals

d. coppolino v. state of florida

c. daubert v. merrell dow pharmaceuticals

True or False: Forensic science in the application of science to criminal laws only

False

True or False: Forensic anthropologists can use dental records such as X-rays, dental casts, and a photograph of a person's smile to compare a set of dental remains and a suspected victim.

False

True or False: The physical science unit would perform soil and mineral analysis.

True

Forensic databases are maintained for all of the following except:

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a. fingerprints

b. automotive paint

c. dna

d. dental impressions

d. dental impressions

Which of the following is a national fingerprint and criminal history system maintained by the FBI and launched in 1999?

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a. pdq

b. iafis

c. nibin

d. sicar

b. iafis

The “jigsaw fit” of known and questioned fragments is important for court presentation primarily because:

this method will definitely demonstrate common origin when a match is made

The computerized database used to store DNA info is:

CODIS

Which database contains chemical and color info pertaining to original automotive paints?

PDQ

When a forensic analyst determines the chemical composition of preparations that may contain illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, or barbiturates, this is an example of:

identification

Physical evidence can be used to exonerate or exclude a person from suspicion if:

the standard/reference sample (control) from the person does not share characteristics with evidence at the crime scene

Determining that an explosive mixture contains dynamite is an example of the process of:

identification

Paint chips, random glass fragments, and synthetic fibers all exhibit:

class characteristics

Evidence having class characteristics can:

exonerate an innocent suspect

Multiplying together the frequencies of independently occurring factors is called the:

product rule

the examination of a paint chip found of a hit-and-run victim’s garment side-by-side with paint removed from a vehicle suspected of being involved in the incident is an example of:

comparison

The value of class physical evidence lies in its ability to:

corroborate events with data i a manner nearly without bias

Which database includes more than 300 manufacturers of shoes with more than 8,000 different sole patterns?

SICAR

Who ultimately determines the significance of physical evidence in a trial?

the jury

Evidence with individual characteristics can lead to a determination of common origin (single source). Which type of evidence CANNOT yield such results?

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a. wear patterns on tires

b. fingerprints

c. random striations on tools

d. single-layer paints

d. Single-layer paints

The corroborative use of physical evidence means that it can be used to:

support other investigative findings

A computerized archive of info relating to a specific type of physical evidence is a(n):

forensic database

A comparison analysis subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining:

whether or not they have a common origin

If the laboratory can piece broken glass from a window or headlight together, then the evidence has ___________ characteristics.

individual

Which source of CODIS contains DNA profiles from unsolved crime scene evidence?

forensic index

Changes evidence, such as contamination, can be prevented by handling evidence with:

latex gloves and disposable forceps

Digital crime-scene photographs require special measures to assure their admissibility in court due to:

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a. their poor quality

b. the ability to manipulate the images

c. the inability to manipulate the images

d. all of the above

b. the ability to manipulate the images

The removal of any evidence from a person or from the scene of a crime must be done in conformity with the privileges of which amendment to the Constitution?

Fourth Amendment

Charred debris from an arson scene should be:

packaged in airtight metal paint cans

Which type of evidence must be packaged separately from other evidence?

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a. biological stain evidence

b. dna-containing evidence

c. all of the above

d. arson evidence

c. all of the above

the police are NOT required to obtain a search warrant if they are:

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a. unable to locate a judge to issue a warrant

b. certain their suspect is guilty

c. in the process of a legal arrest

d. investigating the murder of a fellow officer

c. in the process of a legal arrest

physical evidence may be obtained from:

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a. the victim

b. the crime scene

c. all of the above

d. the suspect

c. all of the above

which statement about note-taking is not true?

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a. note-taking is done after all the crime scene processing has been completed

b. the individual who packaged and marked items of evidence should be recorded

c. notes should include location of physical evidence recovered

d. disposition of items after collection must be included

a. note-taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed