energy
the ability to do work
photosynthesis
the anabolic pathway in which light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy for use in the cell
cellular respiration
the catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for the cell
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a biological molecule that provides the basic unit of chemical energy
thylakoid
flattened, saclike membranes arranged in stacks where the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis takes place
grana (singular or one stack, granum)
stacks of thylakoids
stroma
the fluid filled space outside the grana
pigment
Light-absorbing molecule
NADP+
electron carrying precursor to the energy carrying molecule NADPH
Calvin cycle
light-independent reactions where energy is stored in organic molecules
anaerobic
Process that does not require oxygen
aerobic
Process that requires oxygen
glycolysis
the process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP and NADPH
Krebs cycle
the breakdown of pyruvate into carbon dioxide releasing further energy
fermentation
known as anaerobic respiration, occurs in the cytoplasm to regenerate NAD+ and ATP
metabolism
all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism
heterotroph
organisms that need to ingest food to obtain energy
autotroph
organisms that make their own food.
chemoautotrophs
organisms that use inorganic substances as a source of energy
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria
Studied by 130 People