Miller & Levine Ch. 9 & 10 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

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20 Terms
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energy

the ability to do work

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photosynthesis

the anabolic pathway in which light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy for use in the cell

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cellular respiration

the catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for the cell

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adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

a biological molecule that provides the basic unit of chemical energy

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thylakoid

flattened, saclike membranes arranged in stacks where the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis takes place

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grana (singular or one stack, granum)

stacks of thylakoids

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stroma

the fluid filled space outside the grana

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pigment

Light-absorbing molecule

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NADP+

electron carrying precursor to the energy carrying molecule NADPH

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Calvin cycle

light-independent reactions where energy is stored in organic molecules

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anaerobic

Process that does not require oxygen

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aerobic

Process that requires oxygen

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glycolysis

the process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP and NADPH

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Krebs cycle

the breakdown of pyruvate into carbon dioxide releasing further energy

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fermentation

known as anaerobic respiration, occurs in the cytoplasm to regenerate NAD+ and ATP

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metabolism

all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

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heterotroph

organisms that need to ingest food to obtain energy

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autotroph

organisms that make their own food.

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chemoautotrophs

organisms that use inorganic substances as a source of energy

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Chlorophyll

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

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