Sports Science HL B.1.2 Pt. 1 Bones

Types of Connective Tissues

Bone, ligaments, cartilage, fascia and tendons

Main types of articulations

Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial

Connective tissue

A tissue that connects other tissues together, can be bone-to-bone or bone-to-muscle, can protect organs, can have immune function

Long Bones

Cylindrical with widened ends where they articulate, ex. femur, radius, ulna, and humerus

Short bones

Cube shaped and articulate with multiple other bones, ex. carpals and tarsals

Flat bones

Sometimes are curved, thick or thin, and have large surface area, ex. scapula, ribs, sternum.

Irregular bones

Don’t fall into other categories, have specialized functions. Ex. vertebrae, bones of the face.

Bones Function

Support / structure, protection, movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cells, fat storage (yellow marrow)

Bones Structure

Mix of protein (collagen) and minerals (calcium and phosphate). Protein provides strength while minerals make the bones hard. Blood vessels transport nutrients through holes called foramen.

Epiphysis

The end of a long bone