Memory and Learning - 13.3

Synapse

A junction between two neurons where information is transmitted.

Neuroplasticity

The ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization.

Presynaptic changes

Alterations occurring at the axon terminal of a neuron that affect neurotransmitter release.

Postsynaptic changes

Alterations occurring at the receptor sites on the receiving neuron's membrane, affecting its sensitivity or number.

Long-term memories

Memories that require substantial changes in the nervous system that can be physically observed.

Environmental enrichment

An experimental condition where animals are provided with stimulating environments containing novel objects and social interactions.

Impoverished condition (IC)

A housing condition for animals where they are kept individually in standard lab cages.

Standard condition (SC)

A housing condition for animals where they are housed in small groups in standard lab cages.

Enriched condition (EC)

A housing condition for animals allowing large social groups and access to various toys and interesting features.

Structural changes in synapses

Alterations in the structure of synapses that can result from use, including the formation or degradation of synapses.

Cholinergic activity

Activity related to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, important for many functions including memory and learning.

Dendritic branches

Extensions of neurons that receive signals from other neurons, important for synaptic connections.