EffCom Lesson 3: Politeness Markers
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16 Terms
What is the Positive Face?
the desire to be liked, approved of, and included
What is Negative Face?
the desire for autonomy, to not be bothered, controlled, and put out
A strategy used to initiate a conversation or designate who will speak next.
nomination
A strategy sets the rules, limitations, or expectations for how communication will take place.
restriction
A strategy manages the orderly exchange of speaking and listening roles among participants
turn-taking
A strategy introduce, maintain, develop, or refocus the main topic of the conversation.
topic-control
The communicative strategy used to transition from one topic to another in a smooth and appropriate manner.
topic shifting
The communicative strategy used to correct misunderstandings, clarify messages, or resolve communication breakdowns.
repair
The communicative strategy used to appropriately conclude or end a conversation.
termination
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Calling a person’s name, asking someone a question, inviting another speaker
nomination
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Giving instructions, setting time limits, assigning speaking roles, reminding participants to stay on topic
restrictions
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Waiting for one’s turn, inviting others to speak, responding after another speaker finishes, avoiding unnecessary interruptions
turn-taking
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Asking follow-up questions, elaborating on ideas, redirecting the discussion back to the topic
topic-control
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
“Speaking of…”, “That reminds me…”, “Let’s move on to…”, “On another note…”
topic shifting
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Correcting oneself, asking for clarification, repeating information, paraphrasing, confirming, understanding
repair
Identify the strategy based on the indicator:
Summarizing, thanking others, saying goodbye, expressing future contact
termination