Nursing Management of Exam 1 Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for the Nursing Management Exam 1 review.

Hyperthyroidism

A thyroid disorder characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production.

High-Calorie Diet for Hyperthyroidism

A diet consisting of 4000 to 5000 calories per day.

Protein Intake for Hyperthyroidism

1 to 2 g/kg ideal body weight .

Foods to Avoid in Hyperthyroidism

Highly seasoned foods, high-fiber foods, and caffeine.

Goiter

Enlargement of the thyroid gland. Can be a subjective data point in nursing assessment.

Exophthalmos

Protrusion of the eyeballs, a sign in hyperthyroidism.

Euthyroid State

Normal thyroid hormone levels.

Laryngeal Stridor

High-pitched, wheezing sound due to edema of the laryngeal nerve post-thyroid surgery.

Hypoparathyroidism

Reduced function of the parathyroid glands, potentially leading to hypocalcemia as a post-operative complication of thyroid surgery.

Thyrotoxicosis

Condition caused by excessive thyroid hormones.

Iodine Intake in Thyroid Health

Adequate but not excessive iodine intake is important for thyroid health.

Lifelong Thyroid Hormone Replacement

Required after a complete thyroidectomy due to hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism

A condition resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone.

Myxedema Coma

Severe hypothyroidism leading to decreased mental status, hypothermia, and other systemic symptoms, requiring acute care.

Cushing Syndrome

A hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure of the body's tissues to high levels of the hormone cortisol.

Buffalo Hump

A collection of fat at the back of the neck, seen in Cushing's syndrome.

Moon Facies

A round, full face due to fat deposits, characteristic of Cushing's syndrome.

Hirsutism

Excessive hair growth, especially in women, associated with Cushing's syndrome.

Hyperaldosteronism

A condition in which the adrenal glands produce too much aldosterone, leading to hypertension and hypokalemia.

Medic Alert Bracelet in Cushing's

A measure to be implemented to ensure safety.

Addisonian Crisis

Acute adrenal insufficiency; life-threatening condition requiring immediate treatment.

Diabetes Mellitus

A metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.

Kussmaul Respirations

Deep, rapid breathing pattern often seen in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)

An acute metabolic complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis.

HHS (Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome)

A serious condition, typically in type 2 diabetics, involving extremely high blood glucose levels and altered mental status.

CDCES

Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist.

Rule of 15

A guideline for treating hypoglycemia, involving consuming 15g of carbohydrates and rechecking glucose levels in 15 minutes.

Hemoptysis

Coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.

HEPA Mask

High-efficiency particulate air mask used to prevent the spread of airborne diseases like tuberculosis.

SaO2 Goal for Most Patients

Greater than 92% during rest, sleep and activity.

O2 Toxicity

Lung damage resulting from prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen.

Absorption Atelectasis

Alveolar collapse due to high concentrations of oxygen displacing nitrogen in the alveoli.

Heimlich Valve

A one-way valve used to evacuate air from the pleural space in patients with a pneumothorax, allowing for increased mobility.

PEEP

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure. A mode in ventilation.

Cricothyroidotomy

Emergent surgical procedure where an incision is made through the skin and cricothyroid membrane on the anterior surface of the neck.

Xerostomia

Dry mouth, a common side effect of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer.

Pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs.

Pertussis

Whooping cough.

AFB

Acid-fast bacillus test for Tuberculosis. Collect sputum for AFB in early morning.

HEPA Mask

High-efficiency particulate air mask used by healthcare workers when caring for patients with TB.

DOT (Tuberculosis)

Directly Observed Therapy. Ensures patient compliance.

Atypical Mycobacteria

30+ varieties of acid-fast mycobacteria that cause pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis, skin or soft tissue disease, or disseminated disease.

Chemical Pleurodesis

Procedure to obliterate the pleural space (in pleural effusion).

Pneumothorax

Air in the pleural cavity leading to lung collapse.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

Blockage of pulmonary arteries by a thrombus.

Pulmonary Hypertension

Elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.

Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy (PTE)

Surgical procedure to remove thromboembolic material from pulmonary arteries.

COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

ARF

Acute Respiratory Failure.

Bronchiectasis

Chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Genetic disorder causing thick mucus production in the lungs and digestive system.

PEFR

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate.

Asthma Action Plan Zones

Green, Yellow, & Red indicate the degree of asthma control; what steps that need to be taken by the patient.

Acanthosis Nigricans

Velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin, often in body folds, indicating insulin resistance.

Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure (IPAP)

Higher level of pressure than EPAP. Helps with CO2 removal.

Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure (EPAP)

Helps keep alveoli open at end expiration.

Non-24-Hour Sleep–Wake Disorder

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder Due to Lack of Light. May result in insomnia, excessive sleepiness, and social and work consequences.

Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

Dry eyes.

Ototoxic

Damage inner ear.

Presbycusis

Age-related hearing loss.