Biology Chapter 23: Protists

kernel nucleus

True nucleus

Protist cell structures

Slime mold, amoeba, euglena, dinoflagellate, paramecium, diatom, macroalga

Protist habitats

Fresh water, marine, moist soil, organic hosts

Cilia

Small hairs that help protists “row” through their environment

Pseudopods

Cell extensions that help grab onto the environment and pull the protist along

Flagellan

Long tail-like feature that propels the protist

Endosymbiotic theory

A proto-eukaryote enfolded a prokaryote that resulted in the development of endomembrane components; then, in a first endosymbiotic event, the eukaryote consumed aerobic bacteria that became mitochondria; then, in a second event, the eukaryote consumed photosynthetic bacteria that became chloroplasts

Aerobic

Needs oxygen; lives in an oxygenated environment

Anaerobic

Does not require molecular oxygen

Photoautotrophic

Type of organism that gets energy from light and carbon from CO2

Heterotrophic

Type of organism that gets energy from complex organic material

Phagotrophs

Organisms that ingest particle food

Osmotrophs

Organisms that ingest soluble food

Mixotrophs

Type of organism that can perform autotrophic and heterotrophic functions

Binary fission

Dividing of an individual into two separate organisms; the most common form of protist reproduction

Reproduction of Malaria

Protist that sexually reproduces in the mosquito and asexually reproduces in the human