Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis Labs?

WBC

ESR

CRP

Risk factors for osteomyelitis?

• Male gender

• Children and adults

• Chronic health conditions

• Lifestyle

  • Smokers

  • Immunocompromised

Ways to get osteomyelitis?

Contamination from bone surgery

Bloodborne spread of infection

Commonly seen with DM and PVD

Chronic osteomyelitis presents with what?

A non healing Ulcer

Most common bacteria related to Osteomylitis?

Staph aureus 

History

Previous injury

Infection

Long term corticosteroid therapy

Diagnostics

Blood culture

CT

X-ray

MRI

Bone Biopsy

Primary prevention for osteomyelitis?

Education

Secondary prevention for osteomyelitis?

Aseptic post op care

Tertiary prevention for osteomyelitis?

Antibiotics

Pharmacological Interventions

Pain management

Antibiotics

Non-Pharmacological Interventions

Immobilization

Debridement

Osteomylitis is more common in?

Infants

Chilldren

Older adults

You would suspect osteomyelitis in patients with?

Localized peripheral bone pain

Fever

Malaise

Localized refractory vertebral pain and tenderness

Recent bacteremia

Otitis Media risk factors?

Male gender

Children

Smoking

Pacifiers

Other children

Downs syndrome

Allergic rhinitis

Cleft lip/palate

Adenoid enlargement

Clinical manifestations

Pain

Pressure

Vertigo

Fever

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Otitis media diagnostics

Otoscopy

Lab

Primary prevention for otitis media?

Education

Secondary prevention for otitis media?

Screening

Tertiary prevention for otitis media?

Follow up

Pharmacological interventions

Antibiotics

Acetaminophen

Antihistamines

Ear drops

Non-Pharmacological interventions

Heat

Surgical interventions?

Myringotomy

A surgical procedure that involves making a small incision in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to drain fluid from the middle ear.

Myringotomy

How would you Treat fever and pain for Pediatric patients?

Ibuprofen

Abrupt pain resolution is a sign of what?

Tympanic membrane perforation (Report immediately)

What should you not do for infants with OM?

Irrigate the ear

What are contraindicated for pediatric patients with OM?

Pacifiers

What connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx and provides a route for bacterial and viral infectious agents to access the middle ear?

Eustachian tube

OM is often preceded by what?

Upper respiratory infection

OM is often preceded by an upper respiratory infection which causes?

Edema

Fluid secretion from the mucous membrane of the eustachian tube

OM is most common in children under?

5 years of age

Long-term problems related to middle ear infections include?

• Persistent fluid in the middle ear

• Hearing loss