Honors Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 (sections 1-4)

Based on FLORIDA Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology by Charles J. Welsh

in the beginning, thoughts of structure and function of the human body likely arose from…

observations and malfunction

the first physicians

healers

healers relied on…

superstition and magic to provide healthcare

the beginning of medicine and pharmacology began with

the discovery that herbs and natural chemicals could alleviate ailments

much of what we know about the human body is based on…

the scientific method

the scientific method is an approach to…

investigating the natural world

greek and latin words

form the basis for the language of anatomy and physiology

science eliminates

wrong explenations

“append-”

to hand something

appendicular

pertaining to the limbs

“cardi-”

heart

pericardium

membrane surrounding the heart

“cran-”

helmet

cranial

pertaining to the portion of the skull surrounding the brain

“dors-”

back

dorsal

position toward the back

“homeo-”

same

homeostasis

maintenance of a stable internal environment

“-logy”

study of

physiology

study of body functions

“meta-”

change

metabolism

chemical changes in the body

“parlet-”

wall

parietal membrane

membrane that lines the wall of a cavity

“pelv-”

basin

pelvic cavity

basin-shapes cavity enclosed by the pelvic bones

“perl-”

around

pericardial membrane

membrane that surrounds the heart

“-stasis”

standing still

homeostasis

maintenance of a stable internal environment

“-tomy”

cutting

anatomy

the study of the structure of body part forms and organization

physiology

the study of the functions of body parts

structure and organization determine…

function

chemicals consist of

atoms

atoms join to form

molecules

molecules combine to form

macromolecules

levels of organization

atom-molecule-macromolecule-cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism

the smallest unit exhibiting the first five characteristics of living systems

cell

cells are composed of

macromolecules

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids are

macromolecules

macromolecules are the cornerstone of the

physiology examined at the cellular level

trillions of cells are organized into

tissues

tissues perform

specific functions

groups of tissues interact and form

organs

groups of organs functioning together form

organ systems

organ systems make up an

organism