Experimental psychology exam one chapter 1 and 2

research producer

a person who creates or produces research  

research consumer

A person who reads and takes in information from research studies to then use in their professional life or for education

Why is a research producer important?

-          For coursework in psychology

-          For graduate school

-          For employment that requires research

Why is a research consumer important?

-          For all of your courses

-          When reading printed or online news stories based on research

-          For future career

- evidence- based treatment  (Therapy supported by research)

What is a peer-reviewed journal article?

a process of subjecting an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the scrutiny of others who are experts in the same field.

Hypothesis

a research question – a statement about the prediction with respect to the variables that are being studied

Theories

an overarching explanatory framework that pulls all of the data, pulling various hypotheses together

Falsifiability

Pertains specifically to theory’s – a theory must lead to hypothesis that when tested can fail to support the theory

What is one of the primary benefits of preregistering a hypothesis?

When you preregister your hypothesis and you conduct the study and the study in fact supports the hypothesis you will be given publication and credibility

Preregistered

A term referring to a study in which, before collecting any data, the researcher has stated publicly what the study’s outcome is expected to be.

Basic research

When the researcher wants to broaden our knowledge about a topic and add to our understanding on what we know. What do 9-month-old children do when looking for hidden objects (there is no problem)

Applied  research

research which is motivated by the desire to solve a real-world problem

Translational research

a bridge from basic to applied. When research from basic findings is elaborated on in such a way to help us to solve a real-world problem. Taking the basic information and trying to translationally get it to become applied.

A comparison group

enables us to compare what would happen both with and without the thing we are interested in

Why is a comparison group important ?

We as people often base our beliefs solely on personal experience, but with a comparison group, you can see both sides of a story, with and without the event.

What does “Science is probabilistic” mean?

that its findings do not explain all cases all of the time

present /present bias

states that we notice what is present and thus fail to look for absences

confirmation bias

we look only at information that agrees with what we already believe

availability heuristic

(the way you solve a problem) –Things that come to mind easily are more availably to memory and can guide and or bias our memory.

Know that researchers become experts in their respective field by

collecting data

Scientific journals typically come out every month and contain articles written by various researchers. Unlike popular newsstand magazines, the articles in a scientific journal are

peer-reviewed

1 - Title page

author’s name, department and institution, course number and name, professor's name, date

2 - abstract

summery

3 - Introduction

literature review and hypothesis

4 - methods

participants, instruments/assessments/questionnaires, procedure, experimental design

5 - Results 

What do the numbers represent? How did you analyze, and no interpretation

6 - Discussion 

The results (support, partially support, or refute) the hypothesis (restate hypothesis put all together)

Researchers

are people who conduct research

A non-researcher

would be a person who dose not collect data and collect research

Confounds

an alternative expiation for an outcome

How does research overcome the problem of confounds?

In a research setting, though, scientists can use careful controls to be sure they are changing only one factor at a time.