UNIT 2: WORK AND MOTIVATION

Keyterms

motivation

factors that influence the behavior of workers towards achieving business goals. Motivation can be increased by: monetary rewards, non-monetary rewards, introducing ways to give job satisfaction

job satisfaction

the enjoyment a worker gets from the feeling that they have done a good job.

3 ways to motivate workers to be more committed to their jobs and work more effectively:

- job rotation (swapping workers around and only doing a specific task for a limited time before swapping round again)

- job enlargement (extra tasks to make job more interesting)

- job enrichment (adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility)"

Theory X

the average person does not like work --> must be constantly supervised --> motivation is from external factors (pay schemes,...)

Theory Y

the average person is motivated by internal factors --> find ways to help workers take an interest in their work (give rewards, incentives,...)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

five categories of human needs (physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs)

Frederick Herzberg's motivation theory

humans have two sets of needs:

- basic needs --> hygiene factors or need

- for human to grow psychologically --> motivational needs

Hygiene factors

the factors that must be present in the workplace to prevent job dissatisfaction