RAD 110 Final Exam Terms & Definitions for Medicine

The layers of an intensifying screen in order are:

a. base, white reflecting layer, emulsion, protective coating

b. white reflecting layer, protective coating, active layer, base

c. base, white reflecting layer, active layer, protective coating

d. active layer, base, white reflecting layer, protective coating

c. base, white reflecting layer, active layer, protective coating

A material that gives off light when struck by x-ray photons is called:

a. silver bromide

b. a phosphor

c. an intensifier

d. a reflective laver

b. a phosphor

In places where a large amount of radiation got through the patient's body, the intensifying screen would give off _________ of light, and this area on the radiograph would be developed as ________

a. a large amount, black

b. a small amount, white

a. a large amount, black

Which are the two main (most important) parts of an intensifying screen?

a. base and emulsion

b. base and active layer

c. emulsion and active layer

d. active and protective layer

b. base and active layer

Delayed light emission of an intensifying screen after the x-ray photons have been turned off is called:

a. afterburn

b. luminescence

c. fluorescehce

d. phosphorescence

d. phosphorescence

Which one of these is the rain-drop phenomenon that causes a mottled appearance on the radiograph arid is caused from using a intensifying screen that is very fast.

a. afterglow

b. light diffusion

c. quantum mottle

d. fluorescence

c. quantum mottle

Fast screens emit ________ light than slow screens.

a. more

b. less

a. More

Changing from a slower screen to a faster screen will have what effect on the patient's radiation dose?

a. it will increase the dose

b. it will decrease the dose

b. it will decrease the dose

The part of the active layer of an intensifying screen that produces light is the

a. white reflecting surface

b. protective coat

c. silver bromide

d. phosphor

d. phosphor

An area of poor screen contact occurs

a. when there is a decreased distance between the screen and the film inside the cassette m

b. when there is an increased distance between the screen and the film inside the cassette

b. when there is an increased distance between the screen and the film inside the cassette

Changing from a slower screen to a faster screen will have what effect on density? (Assuming no changes have been made in technique)

a. it will increase it

b. it will decrease it

a. it will increase it

A relative speed value of 100 corresponds to a

a. detail screen

b. slow speed screen

c. detail speed screen

d. high speed screen

e. par speed screen

e. par speed screen

The ability of a material to give off light when struck by x-rays is called

a. afterglow

b. screen lag

c. fluorescence

d. phosphorescence

e. luminescence

e. luminescence

Increasing the speed of an intensifying screen also increases

a. the patient's dose

b. contrast

c. light diffusion

d. recorded detail

e. Both b and c

e. Both b and c

A test for poor screen contact is performed with which one of these devices?

a. a resolution grid

b. a radiographic phantom

c. a wire mesh

d. a penetrometer

c. a wire mesh

Changing from a slower screen to a faster screen will have what effect on recorded detail?

a. it will increase it

b. it will decrease it

b. it will decrease it

Which one of the following systems would require the highest mAs to produce the image?

a. direct exposure

b. calcium tungstate screens

c. rare earth screens

a. direct exposure

The color of light given off by a rare earth intensifying screen is

a. yellow green

b. orange red

c. blue purple

d. blue green

d. blue green

Which one of these systems is usually better for producing a low radiation dose to the patient?

a. calcium tungstate

b. rare earth

c. direct exposure

b. rare earth

The inventor of the intensifying screen is?

A. Gustav Bucky

B. Roentgen

C. Edison

D. Einstein

C. Edison

The type of intensifying screen in use today is

a. calcium tungstate

b. rare earth

c. silver bromide

d. direct exposure

b. rare earth

Conversion efficiency is the ability to convert

a. light energy to x-ray energy

b. x-ray energy to light energy

c. All of the above

b. x-ray energy to light energy

Direct exposure systems produce good recorded detail because

a. No film is used to record the image

b. No radiation is used to record the image

c. No light is used to record the image

d. A computer is used to record the image

c. No light is used to record the image

Intensifying screens are used to

a. amplify the incoming x-ray beam.

b. reduce patient radiation dose.

c. produce light photons.

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What percentage of the latent image is formed by the light photons produced from the intensifying screen?

a. 50 percent

b. 1 percent

c. 99 percent

d. 100 percent

c. 99 percent

What percentage of the latent image is formed by x ray photons?

a. 100 percent

b. 1 percent

c. 99 percent

d. 50 percent

b. 1 percent

An important component of the base of an intensifying screen is

a. intensification speed.

b. even radiopacity.

c. uniform radiolucency.

d. none of the above

c. uniform radiolucency

When a phosphor is struck by an X-ray photon, it will emit light

a. parallel to the angle of incidence.

b. perpendicular to the angle of incidence.

c. at a 45-degree angle to the angle of incidence.

d. in all directions.

d. in all directions

The protective layer of amitensifine sorcer is easly damaged by

a. excess light.

b. fingernails

c. single-emulsion film.

d. screen cleaners.

b. fingernails

The ability of a material to emit light in response to excitation is

a. intensification.

b. phosphorescence.

c. luminescence.

d. fluorescence.

c. luminescence

Untilthe 1970s, the most commonly utilized phosphor in radiography was

a. calcium tungstate.

b. gadolinium.

c. rare earths.

d. lanthanum.

a. calcium tungstate

Intensifying-screen resolution is controlled by all of the following phosphor characteristics EXCEPT

a. crystal size..

b. layer thickness.

c. adhesion

d. concentration

c. adhesion

Which one of the following is not related to resoltion?

a. layer thickness

b. screen speed

c. base material

d. crystal size

c. base material

When an insufficient quantity of photons strikes the intensifying screen, ___________ will appear on the film as graininess.

a. lagging speed

b. quantum mottle

c. shadowing

d. latitude

b. quantum mottle

To eliminate quantum mottle,

a. increase kVp.

b. decrease mAs.

c. increase mAs.

d. increase kV p.

c. increase mAs

To increase the speed of an intensifying screen,

a. increase phosphor size.

b. decrease the phosphor layer thickness.

c. decrease phosphor concentration.

d. remove the reflective layer.

a. increase phosphor size.

Poor screen contact can produce

a. increased radiographic film density.

b. loss of resolution.

c. loss of contrast.

d. decreased screen efficiency.

b. loss of resolution

The speed of an imaging system depends upon the

a. thickness of the phosphor or silver halide layer.

b. crystal/phosphor size.

c. conversion efficiency of the crystal/phosphor.

d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Recorded detail is measured by all of the following EXCEPT

a. line spread function.

b. modulation transfer function.

c. line pairs per millimeter.

d. contrast sensitivity.

d. contrast sensitivity

A film screen system that possesses high latitude will

a. produce high contrast images.

b. require precise exposure techniques.

c. produce images with many gray shades.

d. all of the above

c. produce images with many gray shades

A blue-violet emitting screen used with a green sensitive film will yield

a. higher patient dose.

b. improved resolution.

c. increased radiographic film density.

d. all of the above

a. Higher patient dose

When selecting a film/screen combination, a principal consideration in the best choice is

a. image contrast and exposure latitude.

b. image contrast and resolution.

c. MTF and dose.

d. Line pair resolution and MTF

c. MTF and dose