Communication Models, Theories, and Self-Concept

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56 Terms

1
Sender/Receiver (S/R)
The roles of the sender and receiver in communication, emphasizing the importance of both parties in the exchange of messages.
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2
Message
The content being communicated, which can be verbal or non-verbal (V and NV).
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3
Channels
The mediums through which messages are transmitted, such as face-to-face, written, or digital.
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4
Noise
Any interference that distorts or disrupts the message.
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5
Physiological/Internal Noise
A type of noise that originates from within the communicator, affecting message clarity.
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6
Physical Noise
External environmental factors that interfere with communication.
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7
Semantic Noise
Misunderstandings that arise from the meanings of words or phrases.
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8
Cultural Noise
Interference that occurs due to cultural differences in understanding.
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9
Context
The environment or situation in which communication occurs, influencing message interpretation.
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10
Feedback
The responses from the receiver back to the sender, crucial for effective communication.
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11
Three Tenets of Transactional Communication
1. Communication is a process. 2. It is irreversible. 3. It is a relational process.
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12
Participation is continuous and simultaneous
Indicates that communication involves ongoing interaction between participants.
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13
Intrapersonal Communication
Communication that occurs within an individual.
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14
Interpersonal Communication
Communication between two or more individuals.
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15
Small Group Communication
Communication that occurs within a small group of people.
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16
Public Communication
Communication directed at a large audience.
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17
Mass Communication
Communication that is disseminated to a large audience through various media.
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18
Intercultural Communication
Communication that occurs between individuals from different cultures.
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19
Definition of Communication
Any process in which people use symbols, verbally and/or nonverbally, consciously or unconsciously, intentionally or unintentionally, to generate meanings across various contexts, cultures, channels, and media.
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20
Importance of Effective Communication
Effective communication is essential in personal, academic, and professional contexts.
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21
Self-Concept
Perception of oneself, shaped by experiences and interactions.
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22
Reflected Appraisals
How others perceive and respond to us influences self-concept.
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23
Social Comparisons
Evaluating oneself against others.
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24
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
Expectations influencing behavior to make beliefs come true.
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25
Perceptual Filters
Biases and experiences shaping interpretation of information.
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26
Techniques to Improve Self-Concept
Positive self-talk, constructive criticism, setting achievable goals.
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27
Role of Communication in Self-Concept
Effective communication enhances self-concept.
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28
Speech Anxiety
Nervousness or fear associated with public speaking.
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29
Best Practices for Speech Anxiety
Deep breathing, visualization, practice.
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30
Importance of Preparation
Reduces anxiety and improves performance.
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31
Characteristics of Good Delivery
Conversational quality, attentiveness, immediacy, directness (natural and straightforward).
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32
Impromptu Speech
A type of speech delivery that is delivered without preparation.
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33
Speaking from a Manuscript
Reading a speech verbatim from a written document.
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34
Speaking from Memory
Reciting a speech entirely from memory without notes.
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35
Extemporaneous Speaking
Speaking from notes or an outline with visual aids that supplement the speech, not distract.
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36
Selecting a Topic
Choose a relevant and engaging topic.
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37
Narrowing the Topic
Refine a broad topic into a specific focus.
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38
General Purpose of a Speech
To inform, persuade, or entertain.
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39
Specific Purpose
Phrase indicating expected achievement.
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40
Central Idea
Concise summary of the main point.
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41
Analyzing the Audience
Understanding knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and demographics.
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42
Research Practices
Importance of credible sources.
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43
Structure of Speeches
Includes introduction, body, and conclusion.
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44
Transitions in Speeches
Smoothly moving between points.
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45
Reference List
Cite 3-5 sources orally.
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46
Visual Aids
Enhance understanding and retention.
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47
Conclusion of a Speech
Signal the end, restate points, re-engage audience (quote, inspiration).
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48
Emotional Intelligence
Recognizing, understanding, and managing emotions.
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49
Components of Emotional Intelligence
Self-awareness, managing emotions, motivating yourself, recognizing emotions in others, handling relationships.
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50
Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Communication
Enhances interpersonal relationships.
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51
Motives for Contact
Pleasure, relaxation, affection, control, health, inclusion, escape.
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52
Johari Window
A model for self-disclosure consisting of open, blind, hidden, and unknown areas.
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53
The Art of Small Talk
Casual conversation to build rapport.
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54
Importance of Small Talk
Social lubricant easing interactions.
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55
Techniques for Small Talk
Asking open-ended questions, maintaining conversation.
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56
Cultural Variations in Small Talk
Differences in small talk across cultures.
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