Anatomy Level 3 review Unit 1

What are the 11 body systems?

Skeletal, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, muscular, integumentary, lymphatic, excretory, endocrine, reproductive

What is the function of the skeletal system? What are it’s major components?

Provides support and protection to the organs and supports the body against the pull of gravity. Consists of: bones, ligaments, cartilage, and joints.

What is the function of the nervous system? What are it’s major components?

Controls and coordinates all body activities, receives information from sensory structures, sends signals to muscles and organs to respond. Consists of: brain, spinal cord, sensory structures, and nerves

What is the function of the circulatory system? What are it’s major components?

Responsible for transporting blood to tissues to deliver nutrients and gases, controlling body temperature and circulating hormones. Consists of: heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood. Also known as the cardiovascular system.

What is the function of the respiratory system? What are it’s major components?

Responsible for gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Consists of: lungs, diaphragm, and sinuses

What is the function of the digestive system? What are its major components?

Responsible for breaking down the food we eat and helping our body to absorb the nutrient. Consists of: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and gallbladder.

What is the function of the muscular system? What are its major components?

Responsible for the movement of the body. Consists of: smooth muscles, skeletal muscles, and cardiac muscles

What is the function of the integumentary system? What are its major components?

Provides protection for the body and regulates temperature and water retention. Consists of: skin, hair, and nails

What is the function of the lymphatic system? What are its major components?

Responsible for fighting infection and responsible for fluid balance and retention. Consists of: lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus gland, and spleen

What is the function of the excretory system? What are its major components?

Responsible for removing waste from the body by removing it from the blood. Consists of: kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra. Also known as the urinary system.

What is the function of the endocrine system? What are its major components?

Regulates different body processes through the secretion of hormones. Consists of: Glands (Hypothalamus, Pineal, Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenals, Pancreas, Ovaries, or testes)

What is the function of the reproductive system? What are its major components?

Responsible for producing cells that are utilized for the purpose of sexual reproduction. Consists of Male( testes, prostate, and penis), Women( uterus, ovaries, mammary, Glands, vagina)

What are the functions that are necessary for life?

maintaining boundaries, movement. responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, and growth

How does maintaining boundaries aid in survival?

cells and organisms must keep their internal environment separate from their external environment. This helps regulate water and nutrients.

How does movement aid in survival?

Activities promoted by the muscular system and movement of substances through the body

How does responsiveness aid in survival?

The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them.

How does digestion aid in survival?

Breaking down food into simple molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body

How does metabolism aid in survival?

All chemical reactions in the body. These include processes which break down substances (catabolism) and build up new larger molecules (anabolism)

How does excretion aid in survival?

Removal of wastes produced by metabolism and digestion (ex: urine, feces, etc.)

How does reproduction aid in survival?

production of offspring

How does growth aid in survival?

increase the size of a body part or organism through cell division.

What is the idea of homeostasis?

A state of the human body in which the necessary conditions are kept relatively stable, allowing the body to function. Each body condition has a set point: the ideal level for that condition to be at.

What are the two types of feedback loops?

Positive and Negative.

How are positive feedback and negative feedback similar?

They have the same steps and where the end product of a process influences the operation of the same process.

How are positive and negative feedback different?

Negative feedback counteracts change to stabilize a system, while positive feedback amplifies change to drive a process forward.

Be able to label a diagram of the feedback loops.

YAY!!!!