Covalent, ionic, metalic bonding

A type of chemical bond where two non-metals share pairs of electrons.

What is covalent bonding?

To gain a full outer shell and become more stable.

Why do atoms form covalent bonds?

Water (H₂O), oxygen (O₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄).

What are examples of simple covalent molecules?

No, because they have no free electrons or ions.

Do covalent compounds conduct electricity? Why or why not?

Low melting and boiling points, usually gases or liquids at room temperature

What are the properties of simple covalent compounds?

A chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal.

What is ionic bonding?

Metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).

What happens to metals in ionic bonding?

Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).

What happens to non-metals in ionic bonding?

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

What holds ions together in an ionic bond?

Only when molten or dissolved in water, because ions are free to move.

Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

High melting and boiling points, form crystals, conduct electricity when liquid or in solution.

What are the properties of ionic compounds?

The bonding between metal atoms where electrons are delocalised and shared in a "sea of electrons."

What is metallic bonding?

Delocalised electrons can move freely and carry current.

Why are metals good conductors?

High melting points, good conductivity, malleable and ductile.

What are key properties of metals due to metallic bonding?

Layers of atoms can slide over each other without breaking the metallic bond.

Why are metals malleable?