Colonization and Revolution

Flashcards covering the Spanish arrival, colonial impacts, the Propaganda Movement, and the Philippine Revolution.

Who was the first European explorer to arrive in the Philippines in 1521?

Ferdinand Magellan

Where and when did Ferdinand Magellan have his first contact with local Filipinos?

On March 18, 1521, at Homonhon Island, when fishermen from nearby Suluan visited the expedition and traded with them.

On what date did Ferdinand Magellan form an alliance with Cebu's Rajah Humabon?

April 7, 1521

Which local chieftain and his warriors killed Ferdinand Magellan during the Battle of Mactan?

Lapu-Lapu

Who established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu in 1565?

Miguel López de Legazpi

In what year was Manila established as the capital by the Spaniards?

1571

What was the encomienda system implemented by the Spanish government?

A system that granted Spanish settlers the right to collect tribute from local populations in exchange for protecting indigenous people and teaching them Christianity.

Which two endpoints were connected by the galleon trade that facilitated trade between the Philippines and Mexico?

Manila and Acapulco

What Philippine uprising took place from 1744 to 1829, showcasing Filipino resistance to colonial abuses?

The Dagohoy Rebellion

What form of religious expression arose in the Philippines from blending Catholicism with indigenous beliefs, such as the use of anting-anting?

Folk Catholicism (religious syncretism)

Who were the three priests executed on February 17, 1872, for allegedly supporting the Cavite Mutiny?

Fathers Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (collectively known as Gomburza)

What was the group of educated Filipinos called who led the Propaganda Movement in the 1880s?

Ilustrados

What were the main objectives of the Propaganda Movement?

Advocacy for political and social reforms, fostering a national identity, and promoting education and enlightenment.

Who founded the newspaper La Solidaridad in 1889 as the main platform for the Propaganda Movement?

Graciano López Jaena

Who served as editor of Diariong Tagalog in 1882 and replaced Graciano López Jaena as editor of La Solidaridad in 1890?

Marcelo H. del Pilar

Which two influential novels written by José Rizal exposed the social injustices of Spanish colonial rule?

Noli Me Tangere (1887) and El Filibusterismo (1891)

What reformist society was founded by José Rizal in 1892 to unite Filipinos in advocating for peaceful change?

La Liga Filipina

To what location was José Rizal exiled in 1892 shortly after founding La Liga Filipina?

Dapitan

Why did La Solidaridad cease publication in 1895?

Due to a lack of financial support and declining influence.

Who is known as the "Father of the Philippine Revolution" and founded the Katipunan in 1892?

Andres Bonifacio

What is the full name of the secret revolutionary society founded by Andres Bonifacio in 1892?

Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan

Who led Filipino forces during the revolution and served as the first president of the First Philippine Republic (1899–1901)?

Emilio Aguinaldo