political parties

Old Labour (social democracy)

• Key Labour principles embodying nationalisation, redistribution of wealth from the rich to the poor

• Provision of continually improving welfare and state services → largely rejecting Thatcherite free market reforms or a Blairite approach

New Labour (Third Way)

• Revision of traditional Labour values and ideals represented by Old Labour

• Shift in emphasis from heavy focus on working class to a wider class based

• Less robust alliance with the trade union

• Influenced by Anthony Giddens

One Nation

• Paternalistic approach adopted under Benjamin Disraeli, continuing under Cameron and May

• Rich have obligation to help the poor

New Right

• 2 elements

• Neo Conservatives → want state to take a more authoritarian approach to morality, law and order

• Neo Liberals → endorsed free market approach and the rolling back of the state in people’s lives and businesses

Classical liberals

Philosophy developed by early liberals that individual freedom would be best achieved with the state playing a minimal role

Modern liberals

Emerged as a reaction against free-market capitalism, believing that it led to many individuals not being free → freedom could no longer be defined as being left alone

Party systems

• The way that the political parties are grouped and structured

• Several variants that could apply in the UK → one-party dominant, two-party, two-and-a-half party and multi-party systems

Left-wing

• Those who desire change, reform and alteration to the way society operates

• Often involves radical criticisms of capitalism made by liberal and socialist parties

Ring wing

Little or no change an support for the status quo → stressing the need for order, stability and hierarchy- generally relating to Conservative parties