AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology - bioenergetic, photosynthesis and respiration

bioengernetic, photosynthesis and respiration

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Where does photosynthesis take place?

In the chloroplasts of plant cells.

What pigment absorbs light for photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll.

What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?

Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature.

How does light intensity affect photosynthesis?

More light = faster rate (until another factor becomes limiting).

How does CO₂ concentration affect photosynthesis?

More CO₂ = faster rate (until another factor becomes limiting).

How does temperature affect photosynthesis?

Rate increases to an optimum, then enzymes denature.

What is the glucose produced in photosynthesis used for?

Respiration, making cellulose, making amino acids, storage as starch.

What is a limiting factor?

A factor that slows down a process when it is in short supply.

What is the inverse square law in photosynthesis?

Light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the light source.

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

In the mitochondria.

What is aerobic respiration used for?

Energy for movement, active transport, building molecules, maintaining body temperature.

What is anaerobic respiration in animals?

Glucose → lactic acid

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called?

Fermentation.

What is the word equation for fermentation in yeast?

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

What is fermentation used for?

Bread and alcohol production.

What is oxygen debt?

The extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid.

How does the body respond to exercise?

Increased heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume.

Why does heart rate increase during exercise?

To supply more oxygen and glucose to muscles.

What happens to lactic acid after anaerobic respiration?

It is transported to the liver and converted back into glucose.

Name one required practical from this topic.

Investigating the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis using pondweed.