Emergency Medical Response Concepts

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to emergency medical response, including anatomical knowledge, emergency protocols, and assessment techniques.

When is the oxygen content in the alveoli at its highest?

Inhalation

Where does oxygen and carbon diffusion occur?

Alveolar walls & capillaries

What is a normal capillary refill time?

Less than 2 seconds.

What is the most common cause of dehydration in younger children?

Vomiting & diarrhea

What is the term for harsh high pitched inspiratory sounds?

Stridor

What viral infection causes upper airway obstructions in children?

Croup

What should you do after assessing and managing the ABC's when a child has ingested a toxic plant?

Call poison control

What solid organ is frequently injured with blunt trauma to the upper right quadrant?

Liver

What type of abdominal organs bleed profusely?

Solid

What is the appropriate airway management for an unconscious person with gurgling respirations?

Suction, OPA or NPA, BVM with oxygen

What happens when you shine a light into the pupils?

Constrict equally.

What is the classic sign of a narcotic overdose?

Pinpoint pupils

During reassessment, what do you first reassess?

Primary assessment

What law allows an EMT to practice?

Public Health Law (state law)

What is included in the central nervous system?

Brain & spinal cord

What does the brain need to survive? (2)

Glucose & oxygen

How do you safely lift?

Back straight, knees bent, grip palms facing up, maximum reach 15-20 inches

What is the term for appropriate treatment based on level of training?

Standard of care

How does treatment change if a woman has been sexually assaulted?

Advise not to shower, change clothes & place any blood-stained clothing in separate paper bag.

What type of injury damages ligaments?

Sprain

What is the term for pulling a body part in the direction of normal alignment?

Traction

What is the first step if you arrive at a serious crash with numerous patients?

Initiate MCI

What is the term for the smooth glistening membrane that surrounds each lung?

Pleura

What is hemoptysis?

Coughing up blood

What type of shock occurs when the body is able to maintain adequate circulation?

Compensated shock

What do you suspect if a trauma patient has a pulse of 52 & a blood pressure of 196/94?

Rising intracranial pressure

What two life threats can occur with a severe spinal cord injury?

Inadequate breathing & neurogenic shock

How many minutes after birth should you perform an APGAR score?

1 & 5 minutes.

What is the treatment for a prolapsed cord?

Insert gloved hands into vaginal opening to keep the baby's head away from the cord & keep the cord moist.

What is the treatment if the upper shoulder appears stuck during delivery?

Gently guide the baby's head downward.

When does the third stage of labor end?

Delivery of the placenta.

When does the first stage of labor begin?

Onset of uterine contractions.