Chemistry: Aldehydes and ketones + Carboxylic acids and esters

aldehydes reduction

can be reduced to primary alchols using H2 and Ni catalyst and heat

aldehydes oxidising

can be easily oxidised into carboxylic acid
and is made through oxidation of primary alchol using dil. H2SO4, acidified dichromate and heat

uses of aldehydes

carcinogenic, solvent, perservative

relationship between aldehydes and ketones

isomers of eachother

Carboyxilic acids

COOH
made from primary alchols using acidified dichromate (dil. sulfuric acid as catalyst) and heat
reduced to aldehyde by H2 and Ni catalyst and heat

carboxylic acid uses

condiment (vinegar)
perservatives
cellulose acetate film

esters

made by substitution (condensation)