erikson, freud, kohlberg, piaget theories of development

trust vs. mistrust

erikson

• birth-1 yr

• infants trust the world vs. not

autonomy vs. shame & doubt

erikson

• 1-3 yrs (toddler)

• “me do it” phase - toilet training

initiative vs. guilt

erikson

• 3-6 yrs (preschool)

• independent ideas, tries new things, asks why

industry vs. inferiority

erikson

• 6-12 yrs (school-age)

• school, grades, productivity

identity vs. role confusion

erikson

• 12-18 yrs (adolescent)

• teen identity crisis

intimacy vs. isolation

erikson

• young adult

• intimacy=romance

generativity vs. stagnation

erikson

• middle adult

• generation building, giving back, parenting

integrity vs. despair

erikson

• older adult

• life reflection, elderly = integrity or regrets

freud trick

old age parrots love grapes

freuds oral stage

0-1 yrs

• mouth, sucking, feeding

• babies - everything in mouth

freuds anal stage

1-3 yrs

• bowel/bladder control

• toilet training

freuds phallic stage

3-6 yrs

• genitals

• preschooler notices gender

freuds latency stage

6-12 yrs

• dormant sexual feelings

• Low libido

freuds genital stage

12 and up

• mature sexuality

• adolescents=sexual maturity

kohlbergs preconventional stage

toddler-7 yrs

• avoid punishment, get rewards

• pre = parent focused

kohlbergs conventional stage

7-12 yrs

• please others, follow rules

• conventional=conform

kohlbergs conventional stage

teens+

• own moral principles

• post=personal morals

eriksons stages are…

social and emotional

• look for conflicts in independence, relationships, productivity

freuds stages are…

pleasure focused

• where is the focus of sensation or conflict

kohlbergs theories are…

moral decision making

• whats right/wrong, why

ages 0-1 include these:

trust vs. mistrust, oral, pre-conventional

ages 1-3 include these:

autonomy vs. shame, anal, pre-conventional

ages 3-6 include these:

initiative vs. guilt, phallic, pre-conventional

ages 6-12 include these:

industry vs. inferiority, latency, conventional

age 12-18 include these:

identity vs. role confusion, genital, post-conventional

piagets sensorimotor stage

birth-2 yrs

• senses & movement

• infants learn by doing, grabbing

piagets preoperational stage

2-7 yrs

• pre-logic, preschool=pretend

piagets concrete operational stage

7-11 yrs

• concrete=hands-on, school-age children can think but not abstractly

piagets formal operational stage

12+ yrs

• formal=future, like a philosopher or scientist