mountains & mountain ranges

smt 2, qtr 2

mountains

• large landforms that rise above the ground & have steep slopes & a peak generally higher than a hill

• classified according to origin & how are produced by the different forces within earth

orogenesis

• process of mountain formation

• involves the collision of plates & forces of compression

• tectonic plates move toward one another& push landmasses upward to form mountains / mountain ranges

fold mountains

• formed through plate convergence

• when continental plate is subducted beneath another continental plate, the immense forces of compression fold the crust to develop mountain ranges

• can also form when an oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate

• pyrenees (europe)

• appalachians (north america)

himalayan mountains

example of fold mountains

• collision of the indian & tibetan plate

andes mountain

example of fold mountains

• south america

volcanic mountains

• have isolated peaks that formed over thousands / millions of years

• structures are constructed from accumulated lava flows, pyro clasts, & other igneous rocks that piled up over time

• subduction of a tectonic plate also gives rise to volcanic mountain ranges along the edges of another tectonic plate

hot spot

• may produce a volcanic mountain

• causes magma to rise up, pushing its way up the crush & accumulating in large amounts

islands of hawaii

formed by a hot spot, actually summits of volcanoes

erosion-formed mountain ranges

formed thru rock erosion or weathering, not by earth’s internal activity

appalachian plateau

erosion-formed mountain ranges

• eastern us

• made up of sedimentary rocks & formed because of erosion & the movement of thrust faults

dome mountains

resulted from warping of tectonic plates & are not accompanied by collision of plate boundaries

domes

elongated structures in the crust produced by the isolated & large folds in flat regions formed by dome mountain ranges’ movement

fault-block mountains

• movement of normal faults causes tensional forces & uplifts large blocks of crust to form this

• displacement of the crust sometimes produces numerous cracks & consequently creates parallel mountain ranges

• sierra nevada (california, usa)

teton range

fault-block mountains

• wyoming, usa

mt. malindig

fault-block mountains

• marinduque, ph