7. Electromagnetic Spectrum

Waves

disturbances that is composed of vibrations that carries energy

Mechanical waves

waves that require a medium

Electromagnetic waves

waves that do not require a medium

Longitudinal

Sound waves are what kind of mechanical wave?

Transverse waves

Water waves are what kind of mechanical wave?

Spectrum

in optics, the arrangement according to wavelength of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light

Radio waves

they have the longest wavelength

Radio waves

may reach several kilometers (10^3m)

Radio waves

they have also the least energy in the family of EM waves

Radio waves

RADAR, satellite transmissions, transferring information

Microwaves

EM waves that have wavelengths in the range of centimeters

Microwaves

a wavelength which is about 10⁻² m

Microwaves

carries heat

Microwaves

carry communication signals over long distances

Infrared waves

it has wavelengths slightly longer than wavelengths of red visible light

Infrared waves

ranges from 10⁻⁵ m

Infrared waves

also known as “heat waves”

Infrared waves

weather forecasting, security system, quarantines, military purposes, remote control

Visible light

the only visible form of EM radiation

Visible light

also known as white light

Visible light

ROY G. BIV – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Ultraviolet waves

invisible waves that lies just beyond the violet light

Ultraviolet waves

has higher energy and frequency but shorter wavelengths (10^⁻16 m) compared to visible light

Ultraviolet waves

can be used to kill germs and disinfect objects, and in forensics

X-rays

EM waves with wavelengths which is about 10⁻¹⁸ m

X-rays

contain a lot of energy that may give detrimental effects to tissues

X-rays

very penetrating

X-rays

highly useful in medical imaging and security

Wilhelm Roentgen

discovered and named x-ray

Gamma rays

shortest wavelength

Gamma rays

highest energy and frequency

Gamma rays

most penetrating

Gamma rays

exposure to these rays may pose danger

Gamma rays

treating cancer, medical imaging, killing bacteria inside an object