Mental status examinations (agnosia, apraxia, aphasias)

agnosia

inability to interpret, understand symbolic significance

agraphagnosia/agraphestesia

inability to recognize written letters/numbers on palm

somatosensory cortex

area affected for graphognosia

prospognosia

inability to recognize faces thru photos/irl & can be applicable to everyday objects

inferomedial temporo-occipital region

area affected for prospognosia

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE: lesion is usually bilateral; if unilateral, the lesion is right sided

color agnosia

lesion affected w/ prospagnosia

topagnosia

inability localize skin stimuli

autotopagnosia

inability to locate, identify, and orient one’s body parts, that is body scheme agnosia

tactile finger agnosia & right-left disorientation

technique for 2 autototpagnosias

left angular gyrus

area affected for autotopagnosia

anosognosia

unwareness of neurologic defects/lack of awareness of any bodily defect (acute phase of lesion)

pariental lobe lesions

area affected - inattention to double simultaneous cutaneous stimuli

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE: learning-disabled children w/o gross structural lesions does not suppress double stimulation on one side

TRUE

TRUE/FALSE: learning-disabled children w/o gross structural lesions feels stimulus on face or foot & suppress the hand stimulus

apraxia

inability to perform a voluntary act even tho motor system, sensory system, and mental status are relatively intact.

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE: pt w/ apraxia are aware of their deficits

cerebellar lesion

area affected - ability to perform an act but cannot perform smoothly

basal motor nuclei lesions

area affected - involuntary mov’t/rigidity impede down the act, but the sequence of the act remains possible

dysphonia

lack of production sounds in larnyx

dysarthria

disorder in articulating speech sounds

scanning speech

area affected: cerebellar

plateau speech

area affected: basal motor nuclei
disorder: parkinsonian

emotional inflections

cerebral

dysprosodies

scanning speech, plateau speech, stuttering, cluttlering, and absence of emotional inflections

dysphasia

disturbance in the understanding/expression of words as symbols for communication

aphasia

inability to understand/express words

FALSE

TRUE/FALSE: ppl w/ aphasia has their primary sensorimotor & mental status not intact

left posteror inferior frontal operculum

lesion location - broca

posterior sylvian, temporal operculum

lesion location - wernicke

posterior parasylvian

lesion location - conduction

frontal & superiorly, extending inward to striatum

lesion location - transcortical motor

parietal, temporal inv. the thalamocortical circuit

lesion location - transcortical sensory

entire parasylvian area

lesion location - global