Studied by 13 people
Nucleus
Controls cell
Cytoplasm
Where the chemical reactions happen
Mitochondria
Energy for the cell
Chloroplasts
Helps photosynthesis
Cell wall
Keeps cells structure
Cell membrane
Protects cells from unwanted things
Vacuole
Holds sap for cell
Diffusion
From high concentration to low
What are the two types of cells?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Plasmid
DNA molecule
flagellum
tail for swimming
ribosomes
make proteins
What are the advantages of light microscopes?
can look at live specimens
is cheap
training isnt needed
What are the disadvantages of light microscopes?
low resolutions
low magnification
needs stains
What are the advantages of electron microscopes?
view more organelles
What are the disadvantages of electron microscopes?
costs lost of money
specimens need to be in a vacuum
training is required
resolution
smallest distance between two points
magnification
the size of the object can be changed to make an image clearer
What is protein synthesis?
the creation of protein by cells that use DNA and RNA
What are the four bases in nucleotides?
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
What are the complementary base pairings?
c & g
a & t
What is an enzyme?
biological catalyst
What affects the enzymes rate of reaction?
Enzyme concentration
pH
substrate concentration
temperature
What is anaerobic respiration?
Glucose — Lactic Acid
is in oxygen debt
What is aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen — carbon dioxide + water
supply of oxygen
What is cellular respiration?
an exothermic reaction that supplies ATP to cells
What is lipids?
is made of 3 fatty acids and glycerol and is broken down by lipase
What is protein?
A polymer made of amino acids broken down by protease
What is a carbohydrate?
a polymer made of simple sugars broken down by amylase
What is the formula of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
temperature
light intensity
carbon dioxide concentration
What is a limiting factor?
factors that limit photosynthesis
Note 
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