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Last updated 10:03 AM on 4/27/23
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33 Terms
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Nucleus
Controls cell
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Cytoplasm
Where the chemical reactions happen
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Mitochondria
Energy for the cell
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Chloroplasts
Helps photosynthesis
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Cell wall
Keeps cells structure
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Cell membrane
Protects cells from unwanted things
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Vacuole
Holds sap for cell
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Diffusion
From high concentration to low
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What are the two types of cells?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
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Plasmid
DNA molecule
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flagellum
tail for swimming
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ribosomes
make proteins
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What are the advantages of light microscopes?
can look at live specimens
is cheap
training isnt needed
is cheap
training isnt needed
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What are the disadvantages of light microscopes?
low resolutions
low magnification
needs stains
low magnification
needs stains
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What are the advantages of electron microscopes?
view more organelles
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What are the disadvantages of electron microscopes?
costs lost of money
specimens need to be in a vacuum
training is required
specimens need to be in a vacuum
training is required
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resolution
smallest distance between two points
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magnification
the size of the object can be changed to make an image clearer
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What is protein synthesis?
the creation of protein by cells that use DNA and RNA
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What are the four bases in nucleotides?
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
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What are the complementary base pairings?
c & g
a & t
a & t
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What is an enzyme?
biological catalyst
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What affects the enzymes rate of reaction?
Enzyme concentration
pH
substrate concentration
temperature
pH
substrate concentration
temperature
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What is anaerobic respiration?
Glucose — Lactic Acid
is in oxygen debt
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What is aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen — carbon dioxide + water
supply of oxygen
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What is cellular respiration?
an exothermic reaction that supplies ATP to cells
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What is lipids?
is made of 3 fatty acids and glycerol and is broken down by lipase
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What is protein?
A polymer made of amino acids broken down by protease
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What is a carbohydrate?
a polymer made of simple sugars broken down by amylase
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What is the formula of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O
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What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
temperature
light intensity
carbon dioxide concentration
light intensity
carbon dioxide concentration
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What is a limiting factor?
factors that limit photosynthesis
