Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 1

Electrons in chlorophyll molecules apart of the antenna complex in photosystem II are excited by a photon of light. This energy is transferred to all the surrounding chlorophyll molecules until it reaches the reaction center chlorophyll molecules.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 2

These reaction center chlorophyll molecules pass the electrons to a mobile carrier plastoquinone. The electrons in photosystem II are replaced by the splitting of water

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 3

From plastoquinone the electrons are transferred to the cytochrome b6-f complex which is coupled with the movement of hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space. This buildup of hydrogen ions is used to create a diffusion gradient to power ATP synthase and form ATP.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 4

The electrons are passed from the cytochrome b6-f complex to another mobile carrier called plastocyanin, which transfers the electrons to photosystem I.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 5

Electrons in the chlorophyll molecules apart of the antenna complex in photosystem I are excited by a photon of light. This energy is transferred to all the surrounding chlorophyll molecules until it reactions the reaction center chlorophyll molecules.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 6

These reaction center chlorophyll molecules pass the electrons to a mobile carrier, ferredoxin which transfers the electrons to the ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase complex where they are added to NADP+ to form NADPH.

Describe the steps of the light reactions including the movement of electrons and how NADPH and ATP are formed. Part 7

ATP and NADPH are then used to in the Calvin cycle reactions