Bio- chapter 26 key lineages

Actinobacteria

members of this group cause tuberculosis and leprosy

produce hundreds of antibiotics (e.g., streptomycin, neomycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin)

Chlamydiae

the sexually transmitted disease caused by chlamydia trachomatis can lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility

cyanobacteria

responsible for the origin of Earth’s oxygen-rich atmosphere

some involved in harmful algal blooms

provide much of the nitrogen used by other organisms

Firmicutes 

members of this group cause anthrax, botulism, tetanus, gangrene, strep throat. 

bacillus thuringiensis produces BT toxin, an important insecticide 

some are used in yogurt and cheese production 

proteobacteria 

Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium are often used in biotechnology 

members of this group cause cholera, foot poisoning, plague, dysentery, typhus 

Spirochaetes (spirochetes) 

members of this group are responsible for leptospirosis, syphilis, and Lyme disease 

corkscrew-like movement enables cells to burrow into host tissue 

crenarchaeote (eocytes)

may be the only life-forms in extremely hot, high-pressure, acidic environments

Euryarchaeota

some members found near abandoned mines and produce acids that pollute streams

Methanogens (found in guts of mammals and swamps) add billions of tons of methane to the atmosphere each year 

Thaumarchaeota

only a few members of the group have been observed

very abundant in oceans

one member lives as an endosymbiont in marine sponges