Revoloutionary groups

Notes from card sort

When was the October manifesto signed?

1905

what are the three main parties of opposition?

Liberals, Socialist revolutionaries and Social democrats

How did liberals gain representation?

By forming the Dumas

What did the liberals call for before 1905?

A national Zemstvos

Who do the liberals represent?

The growing middle class

Was liberalism though to be a russian idea?

No, an ‘alien western creed’

What did the more progressive liberals form?

the ‘progressive bloc’

What book did the liberals write?

Liberation

Who were the kadets mainly made up of?

middle class intelligentsia

when did the kadets first appear?

1905 revolution

what kind of democratic party were the liberals?

constitutional

who were the largest group of liberals?

kadets

who was the leader of the kadets?

Pavel Miliukuv

what kind of monarchy did the kadets want?

constitutional

what did the kadets want for the serfs?

abolition of redemption payments

what did the kadets want for workers?

recognised trade unions

What did the kadets want for education?

For it to be universal and free

what group of people largely made up the Octobrists?

industrialists, businessmen and large landowners

when did the Octoberists form?

1905, after the issuing of the Tsar’s manifesto

What were the aims of the Octoberists like?

limited, content with the maintenance of the Duma and concessions in the manifesto

who were the leaders of the Oktoberists?

Gushkov (factory owner) and Rodzianko (land owner)

What did the Socialist revolutionaries grow out of?

Populist movements

When were the socialist revolutionaries established, who by?

1901, Victor Chernov

who do the socialist revolutionaries represent?

the peasants

who did Pyotr Karpovich assassinate?

Nikolay Bogolepov, the minister of education

when did the socialist revolutionaries first hold congress?

1906

What teachings did the socialist revolutionaries largely accept?

Marxist, combined with populist

when was the populist movemt popular?

1870’s

What kind of organisation were the socialist revolutionaries?

loose

What did the Socialist revolutionaries do about the Duma?

took part in it and later boycotted it.

What did the social revolutionaries gain more from?

liberals, more moderate people gain greater influence

when did the socialist revolutionaries assassinate Stolypin?

1911

what was the socialist revolutionaries main hope for rebellion?

Peasants provide main support, replace tsar with democratic republic

Did the socialialist revolutionaries take part in the 1905 revolution?

Yes

What methods did the anarchists want to continue with?

terrorist

What are the sub groups of the social revolutionaries?

revolutionaries and anarchists

what are the sub groups for the liberals?

kadets and octoberists

where the revolutionaries more moderate or extreme?

moderate

what would the revolutionaries do that the anarchists wouldn’t?

cooperate with other groups?

Who was the leader of the socialist revolutionaries?

Viktor Chernov

What made marxist theories more attractive to russian intellectuals?

industrial ‘take off’

What group did George Plekhanov found?

emancipation of labour

when did the social democrats first appear?

1898

Who was attracted to marxist ideas?

illegal trade unions, discussion circles and worker’s organisations

when was the first congress of the Russian social democratic workers party of the soviet union meeting?

1898

What happened at the first congress?

broken up by Okhrana agents

When did the second place take place and where?

1903, Brussels then Shoreditch

what did Lenin argue at the second congress?

they needed a strong disciplined organisation of professional revolutionaries

What did Julius Martov argue at the second congress?

They should develop a broad party with a mass working class membership

Who won the second congress?

Lenin

What were Lenin’s faction called?

Bolsheviks (majority)

What were Martov and Trotsky’s faction called?

Mensheviks (minority)

What is ironic about the naming of the bolsheviks and the mensheviks?

The reverse is actually true

Where was Lenin in the years 1914-17?

Largely absent from Russia

How many social democrats were there in pre 1914?

5-10,000

How many social democrats were there by Feb 1917?

25,000

why was russian marxism appealing?

it descibed the changes taking place in the great spurt of the 1890’s

What did the Bolsheviks suggest about the revolution?

It would be the simultaneous revolution of the bourgeois and the proletarian

What was the role of the Bolsheviks for the workers?

Educate them and lead them through revolution

whAT DID THE BOLSHEVIKS DO ABOUT MEMBERSHIP?

restrict it, members work in small cells to avoid the police

How was control handled for the Bolsheviks?

In a central committee

What was Bolshevik membership like?

centralised

What did the mensheviks think about people joining?

broad, all can join

What would policy making be like for the mensheviks?

democratic

How did the mensheviks think the revolution would go?

long period of bourgeois govenment until workers could develop a class and revolutionary conscious and form a socialist revolution.

What did the mensheviks think the workers should do?

think for themselves