Cell organisation

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Last updated 9:30 AM on 9/10/26
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13 Terms

1
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What is a tissue

Group of specialised cells working together to perform a particular function

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What is an organ

Group of tissues working together to form a particular function

3
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What is an organ system

A number of organs working together to for a particular life function

4
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What is squamous epithelia

  • Cells are smooth, flat and very thin

  • Packed closely together like roof tiles on a roof and provide a low friction surface in which fluids can move

  • Found in cheek lining, inside blood vessels, lining chamber of heart and alveoli


<ul><li><p>Cells are smooth, flat and very thin</p></li><li><p>Packed closely together like roof tiles on a roof and provide a low friction surface in which fluids can move </p></li><li><p>Found in cheek lining, inside blood vessels, lining chamber of heart and alveoli</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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What is ciliated epithelia

  • Made up of cells with cilia sometimes shaped like cubes and the tissue is called cuboidal ciliated epithelia

  • Cell tall and narrow, referred to as columnar ciliated epithelia

  • Cilia beat rhythmically to move mucus/ zygote

  • Found in lining of oviducts and bronchioles of the lungs


<ul><li><p>Made up of cells with cilia sometimes shaped like cubes and the tissue is called cuboidal ciliated epithelia</p></li><li><p>Cell tall and narrow, referred to as columnar ciliated epithelia</p></li><li><p>Cilia beat rhythmically to move mucus/ zygote</p></li><li><p>Found in lining of oviducts and bronchioles of the lungs</p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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What is cartilage

  • Soft cushioning connective tissue which is strong and flexible, acting as a shock absorber

  • Forms framework of some framework such as walls of airways where it prevents collapse

  • Made up of cells called chondrocytes and extracellular matrix made of collagen fibres and other constituents


7
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What is muscle

  • Made up of excitable cells which contract and muscle tissue contains many microfilaments composed of actin and myosin which are contractile fibres


8
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What is skeletal muscle

  • Has several individual muscle fibres separated by connective tissue

  • Attached to bones, have myofibrils which contain contractile proteins


<ul><li><p>Has several individual muscle fibres separated by connective tissue</p></li><li><p>Attached to bones, have myofibrils which contain contractile proteins</p></li></ul><p></p>
9
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What is cardiac muscle

  • Only exists in heart

  • Contracts to squeeze blood out and relaxes to allow heart to re fill


<ul><li><p>Only exists in heart</p></li><li><p>Contracts to squeeze blood out and relaxes to allow heart to re fill</p></li></ul><p></p>
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What is smooth muscle

  • Found in walls of hollow organs like stomach and intestines to push food through body


<ul><li><p>Found in walls of hollow organs like stomach and intestines to push food through body</p></li></ul><p></p>
11
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How is xylem tissue structured

  • Made up of tracheids , fibres and parenchyma cells

  • Continuous hollow column so less flow resistance, capillary action effective

  • Lignin provide strength and prevent collapse

  • Bordered pits/ pores supply water to surrounding cells


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How is phloem tissue structured

  • Contains sieve elements, companion cells, parenchyma cells and fibres

  • No nucleus and very little cytoplasm

  • Companion cells connected via plasmodesmata carry out metabolic processes

  • Lots of mitochondria


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What is the epidermis

  • Single layer of closely packed cells that cover surface of plants

  • Covered by waxy cuticle which is waterproof and prevents water loss

  • Stomata within epidermis