Module 5: The Conquest of Reality: The Early 15th Century (early 1400s), cont.

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18 Terms

1
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  • Filippo Brunelleschi, Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401-3.

    • Guild patronage, humanist pursuit of fama (fame)

    • cloth merchants guild (=jury, task is to develop criteria for evaluating winning door design. You already decided on subject, quatrefoil frame, and size)

    • team Brunelleschi (task is to defend own design and achieve fama)

    • team Ghiberti (task is to defend own design and achieve fama)

2
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  • Lorenzo Ghiberti, Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401-3.

    • Guild patronage, humanist pursuit of fama (fame)

3
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  • Filippo Brunelleschi, Dome of Florence Cathedral (Santa Maria del Fiore), 1420–1436

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Exterior arcade of a two story building opening onto a courtyard with a fountain. The arcade is formed by evenly-spaced arches on slender columns.

  • Filippo Brunelleschi, loggia of the Ospedale degli Innocenti (Foundling Hospital), Florence, Italy, begun 1419.

  • Logical units of 10 braccia

  • Civic duty of caring for orphans

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"The orthogonals can be seen in the edges of the coffers in the ceiling (look for diagonal lines that appear to recede into the distance). Because Masaccio painted from a low viewpoint, as though we were looking up at Christ, we see the orthogonals in the ceiling [of the painting], and if we traced all of the orthogonals, we would see that the vanishing point is on the ledge that the donors kneel on." (Smarthistory)

  • Filippo Brunelleschi (continued by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo) Interior of Church of San Lorenzo, Florence, c. 1421–1428; nave (designed 1434?) 1442–1470.

6
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"The orthogonals can be seen in the edges of the coffers in the ceiling (look for diagonal lines that appear to recede into the distance). Because Masaccio painted from a low viewpoint, as though we were looking up at Christ, we see the orthogonals in the ceiling [of the painting], and if we traced all of the orthogonals, we would see that the vanishing point is on the ledge that the donors kneel on." (Smarthistory)

  • Masaccio (Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Mone Cassai), Holy Trinity, c. 1427, fresco, 667 x 317 cm (Santa Maria Novella, Florence)

    • One-point perspective

    • Barrel vault

    • Often regarded the first Renaissance-era use of linear perspective in painting

    • Notice also monumental figures

    • Architectural setting that is painted

      • painted an aedicula (framed niche) 

    • painted from a low viewpoint

    • orthogonals in the ceiling

    • the vanishing point is on the lower ledge

7
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In this scene, “a Roman tax collector (the figure in [...] a short orange tunic and no halo) demands tax money from Christ and the twelve apostles who don't have the money to pay.” The figure of Christ in blue and red stands at the center of the composition at the vanishing point. All orthogonals lead to this spiritually and spatially important figure.

  • Masaccio, Tribute Money, 1427, fresco (Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence)

    • One-point perspective

    • Atmospheric perspective

    • Continuous narrative

8
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  • Fra Angelico, The Annunciation, c. 1438-47

    • Dominican friar

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Fra Angelico, The Meeting of Saint Dominic and Saint Francis of Assisi, ca. 1427-1429 (Legion of Honor, Gallery 4)

  • One-point perspective

  • St. Dominic/Dominicans, St. Francis/Franciscans, mendicant orders

10
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  • Lorenzo di Niccolò, Saint Paul, 14th-15th century (Legion of Honor, Gallery 4)

11
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  • Bicci di Lorenzo, Saint Anthony and Saint Stephen, ca. 1400 (Legion of Honor, Gallery 2)

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  • Bicci di Lorenzo, Saint John the Baptist and Saint Miniato, ca. 1400 (Legion of Honor, Gallery 2)

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  • Giovanni dal Ponte, Virgin and Child with Angels, ca. 1434-1435 (Legion of Honor, Gallery 2)

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  • Donatello, Saint George, Formerly in Orsanmichele, Florence. 1417–1420.

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  • Donatello, Saint George and the Dragon, relief below the statue of Saint George, Orsanmichele Church, Florence, Italy, ca. 1417-1420.

  • One-point perspective and Atmospheric perspective

16
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  • Donatello, Joshua for the Church of Santa Maria del Fiore the Duomo), Florence, begun c. 1412

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Antonio del Pollaiuolo, Hercules and Antaeus, c. 1475

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Marriage Chest (cassone), ca. 1550 (Legion of Honor)