Chapter 5: mass wastings

Mass wasting

downhill travel of ice, rock, snow, or regolith

uplift

land goes up

subsidence

land goes down

grade 

slope on a road (%= incrase in peters per 100 M, max is 7) 

strength

materials ability to break/not break (steep=strong)

climate

effects of erosion, vegation, ect

slope formation

shape and erosion effects on a slope’s profile

stress formula 

stress= force/area

shear stress 

stress from moves materials sideways

stable slope

slope that stays in place

slope failure

movement that occurs on a unstable slope

safety factor formula

SF= resistance stress/downslope shear stress

friction

resistance to sliding

cohesion

molecules attraction to other molecules (ex. surface tension)

angle of repose 

angle that grains can be at without falling (normally 30-37)

failure surface

area/material of weakness that causes slope failure (ex. Mica) 

Creep

slow movement of regolith

solifucation  

thdra occurrence, permafrost melts and causessol slow movement 

slump 

small section of a hill collapses (spoon shape) 

Mudflow

mudslide

debris slide

annnnd now we have rocks nad mud

lahars

volcanic ask and gunk thats liqud

lateral spreading

things get broken on solid ground

rock slide 

use your brain 

rock fall

noun and verb

submarine mass wasting

Underwater!

Triggers for mass wasting

• sesimec activity 

• increased down stress 

• sediment liquefaction 

• changing slope angle 

• cahnging slope strength