Cell Communication Neuron Action Potential

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Last updated 3:26 PM on 9/3/26
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5 Terms

1
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Resting

Membrane at resting potential (-70mV)

• Maintained by Na+/K+ ATPase pumps & Voltage-gated channels

• Intracellular: [K+] high & [Na+] low

• Extracellular: [K+] high & [Na+] low

2
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Depolarization

Neurotransmitter binding

• Na+ channels open rapidly

• Rapid influx of Na+ into the cell

• Membrane potential increases
Absolute Refractory

3
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Peak

Na+ channels close

• Voltage-gated K+ channels open slowly
Absolute Refractory

4
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Repolarization

K+ channels open fully

• K+ exit the cells

• Membrane potential decreases

• Gradual return to -70mV
Absolute Refractory

5
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Hyperpolarization (undershoot)

K+ exit continues

• Membrane potential dips below the resting potential (-80mV)

• Delayed closure of K+ channels complete

• Resting potential is restored
Relative Refractory (larger than normal stimuli can trigger)