English & Dutch Stuff

Grand Monarque and Sun King

French Louis XIV was prominent in Europe, known as Age of Louis XIV

charles II of spain

came to spanish throne after Philip IV, imbecile

franche comte

french speaking religion between ducal burgundy and switz but owned by sp. habsburgs

universal monarchy

political situation in which one state might subordinate all others to its will

estates general of the united provinces

dutch republican government body

arminians

followers of arminius, theologian of leyden-favored modification of calvinism

hugo grotius

wrote law of war and peace, pioneering internatl law

baruch spinoza

from a family of refugee portuguese jews. philosopher. made a living as a lens grinder.

bank of amsterdam

founded by dutch, trustworthy banking institution in time of coinage crisis.

house of orange

dominant house of holland, Stadholder of most provinces. made prestigious by William the Silent

William of Orange (William III)

from house of orange, ultimately became king of England through marraige. leader in thirty years war.

Navigation act

aimed against the dutch carrying trade, stated that imported products must come to England on English ships.

English-Dutch Wars

indecisive wars over Navigation Acts

Hereditary Stadholderate

6 of 7 provinces voted house of orange to be hereditary stadholder of their province (WIll III).

Treaty of Nimwegen

ended dutch war.dutch preserved their territory.

puritan

calvinist protestants of england

presbyterian

puritans of scotland

anglican

church of england; divided high/low

jams VI of scotland

Son of Mary Stuart, king of scotland 35 yrs before king of england in 1603. followed a great act (E I)

Hampton Court Conference

Church conference under James I, rejected the puritan minority

the true law of free monarchy

book written by J I supporting royal absolutism

tunnage and poundage

king had rights to collect specified duties on exports and imports

Archbishop Laud

employed by Charles I to enforce religious conformity in england.

prerogative courts

members of parliament under charles I disliked these courts, set up by crown and not part of traditional system

ship money case

charles I trying to rule without parliament; tries to raise money to modernize navy w/o parliamentary consent

Long parliament

Ch I tried to hold reelections for parliament but same men returned

solemn league and covenant

during war, as price of support from scottish army, parliament adopted this. made presbyterianism the legal religion of english, scots and irish

roundheads

parliamentary forces

pride's purge

Cromwell felt kings should be executed to prevent counterrevolution; ended up culling 150 parliament to 50

the rump

the 50 or so left in Parliament after Pride's Purge

levellers

advanced political democrats such as john lilburne

diggers

occupied and cultivated commonlands; desired communal ownership of property

Fifth monarchy men

millenial group who thought the end of the world was at hand

cromwell

ruled england as military dictator

instrument of government

OC abolished rump to govern as lord protector

charles II

son of ch. I, restored in 1660

dissenters

refused to accept the restored church of england

treaty of dover

secret treaty b/w charles II and louis XIV

declaration of indulgence

charles II issued this nonenforcement of laws against dissenters

test act, 1673

passed by parliament in response to king's Dec. of Indulgence

Whigs

strong exclusionary movement in parliament

tories

supporters of king in parlmt

tuts oates and popish plot

a notorious liar who fabricated a plan to assassinate C II

trial of the seven bishops

bishops refused to endorse JII's religious toleration; threatened monopoly of anglican church

glorious revolution

JII removed from throne, replaced by William and Mary. Bloodless.

William and Mary

William of Orange II and daughter of James II

Battle of the Boyne

1690, army of dutchmen, germans, scots and french huguenots under William III, defeated Irish force of James II

Bill of Rights

no law could be suspended by the king, no taxes raised or army maintained w/o parliament's consent, no subject arrested or detained without legal process

toleration act, 1689

allowed prot. dissenters to practice their religion

act of settlement, 1701

no catholic could be king of england

United Kingdom of Great Britain

the joining of england and scotland to form this

penal code for ireland

cath clergy of ireland banished due to english fear of ireland's instability