13 Ecological techniques

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Last updated 7:58 PM on 9/15/26
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5 Terms

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Large number of samples

-·to be representative of the population

- to allow a statistical test to be carried out on the data

<p>-·to be representative of the population</p><p>- to allow a statistical test to be carried out on the data</p>
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Transect

Sampling along a line - can be a line or belt transect.

Allows distributions of organisms to be studied.

<p>Sampling along a line - can be a line or belt transect.</p><p>Allows distributions of organisms to be studied.</p>
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Random sampling technique

· tape measures to mark out a grid

· random numbers, from tables or a calculator to generate coordinates

· place quadrat and count all of one species in area

· repeat until you have a large sample/ 20 samples

· work out the mean number per quadrat and multiply by the number of quadrats in the area, or calculate the mean per m2 and multiply by the area in m2.

<p>· tape measures to mark out a grid</p><p>· random numbers, from tables or a calculator to generate coordinates</p><p>· place quadrat and count all of one species in area</p><p>· repeat until you have a large sample/ 20 samples</p><p>· work out the mean number per quadrat and multiply by the number of quadrats in the area, or calculate the mean per m2 and multiply by the area in m2.</p>
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Mark-release-recapture

· A large sample of the organisms needs to be collected

· They are then marked, counted and released back into the population.

· The method of marking must not harm the animal in any way or affect their survival chances.

· After release, give the animals enough time to get thoroughly mixed in with the rest of the population e.g. 24 hours.

· Then, once again, capture a large sample, using the same sampling technique as before.

Count the total number which you catch, and the number of these which are marked.

<p>· A large sample of the organisms needs to be collected </p><p>· They are then marked, counted and released back into the population.</p><p>· The method of marking must not harm the animal in any way or affect their survival chances.</p><p>· After release, give the animals enough time to get thoroughly mixed in with the rest of the population e.g. 24 hours.</p><p>· Then, once again, capture a large sample, using the same sampling technique as before. </p><p>Count the total number which you catch, and the number of these which are marked.</p>
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Assumptions of Mark-release-recapture

- no immigration or emigration

- no births or deaths

- marking not visible so does not increase predation.

- Marking not toxic so does not affect survival.

- Marking not rubbed/washed off so recaptured can be identified

<p>- no immigration or emigration</p><p>- no births or deaths</p><p>- marking not visible so does not increase predation.</p><p>- Marking not toxic so does not affect survival.</p><p>- Marking not rubbed/washed off so recaptured can be identified</p>