AQA pre release Morecambe Bay 2025

Energy consumption

Total energy used by individuals or sectors.

Energy supply

Availability of energy resources for use.

Domestic energy

Energy used in households for daily activities.

Industrial energy

Energy consumed by manufacturing and production sectors.

Energy for transport

Energy utilized for moving people and goods.

Energy security

Reliable access to energy sources without disruption.

Electrical energy mix

Diverse sources of electricity generation combined.

Total energy mix

Comprehensive combination of all energy sources, including electricity and fuel for transport

Four “A”s of energy security

Availability, accessibility, affordability, acceptability of energy.

Physical environment

Geological and climatic conditions affecting energy resource development.

Costs

Economic factors influencing energy pricing and availability.

Technology

Innovations enhancing energy efficiency and sources.

Political factors

Global trade dynamics affecting energy supply stability.

Energy imports

Energy resources brought into a country from abroad.

Energy exports

Energy resources sold to other countries.

Energy balance

The difference between energy imports and exports.

Electricity capacity

Maximum electrical output a power system can provide.

Renewable energy

Energy from sources that replenish naturally.

Fossil fuels

Energy sources derived from ancient organic matter.

Intermittent power sources

Energy sources that are not continuously available, an issue with some renewable energy sources

Sustainability

Ability to maintain energy resources for future generations.

Hydroelectric power

Electricity generated from flowing water.

Bioenergy

Energy produced from organic materials such as plant oils or wood.

Geothermal energy

Heat energy extracted from the Earth.

Solar energy

Energy harnessed from sunlight.

Wind energy

Energy generated from wind movement.

Tidal barrage

Dam structure harnessing tidal energy.

Tidal range

Difference in water levels during tides.

Green energy

Environmentally friendly energy sources.

Nature reserve

Protected area for wildlife conservation.

Tidal mud flats

Coastal wetlands exposed at low tide.

Journey times

Duration taken to travel between locations.

Energy trilemma

Balancing energy security, sustainability, and affordability.

Climate change

Long-term alteration of temperature and weather patterns.

Storm/tidal surge

Rise in sea level due to storms.

Tonnes of oil equivalent

Measures each type of energy by calculating the amount of heat obtained by burning one tonne, and then converting it to however much oil would be required to produce an equivalent amount of energy

Heat Pump

A device that transfers heat out of a cool environment and into a warm environment.

Estuary

the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.

Peninsular

a piece of land that is almost entirely surrounded by water but is connected to the mainland on one side