apwh unit 7

made before i've done any of the homework assignments, so i don't really have all the vocab words written down right now but it's okay

coersive power

power relying on threats, punishment, and/or force

communism

based on karl marx. classless society. property is COLLECTIVELY OWNED and equal wealth distribution. state controls means of production. response to capitalism. RADICAL.

socialism

collective government or government control over major industries, but allows some amount of private ownership. redistribution of wealth. response to capitalism. REFORMIST.

fascism

there should be an authoritarian, unquestioned dictator. embraces nationalism.

means of production

land, labor and capital — resources needed to produce goods and services in an economy

collective ownership

a response to capitalism and private ownership. ownership of means of production are by all members of society. people benefit equally.

bourgeoisie

wealthy class

proletariat

working class, the poor

capitalism

economic. private ownership and private profit. production driven by the invisible hand of consumers. competition drives innovation.

consequences → unequal distribution of wealth, environmental degration

soviets

revolutionary councils in russia, represented workers, peasants and soldiers. intent: make shared concerns known after “bloody sunday”.

bolsheveks

led by vladmir lenin, a socialist group. seized control from the russian duma. withdrew russian troops from WWI. fought against tsarist functions.

conventionistas

political faction led by villa and zapata during mexican civil war. sought big economic and social reform. fought against huerta and fought for new constitution.

constitutionalistas

political faction led by carranza and obregon during mexican civil war. wanted liberal democracy. less willing to return land. fought for restoration of constitutional order and preservation of old constitution.

sepoys

indian soldiers serving under the BEIC and later British Indian Army

harlem fighters

African American military unit known for fighting for America and alongside France in WWI

total war

when a country or group uses all of its resources (including military, economic and civilian)

militarianism

glorification of the military, placing an emphasis and priority on a country’s military. belief in maintaining a strong military and using it to aggressively promote a nation’s interests.

mutual defense tactics

countries protect one another. mutual attack system. alliance made between powers, if one is attacked the rest attack the opponent.

triple entente

alliance made up between most of the most powerful countries in europe — france, russia, britain

triple alliance

alliance made up between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

the black hand

secret serbian nationalist organization. wanted to end austro-hungarian rule in serbia. caused outbreak that began WWI with assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

allied powers

triple entente (britain, france, russia), serbia, the us, japan, italy (?)

central powers

triple alliance (germany, austria-hungary, italy (?)), ottoman empire, bulgaria

war bonds

IOU for the person selling and an investment for the person buying. debt securities issued by governments to finance military operations and expenses during the war.

liberty bonds

war bonds in the us, a form of deficit spending. gov spends more money than it actually has.

rationing

civilians ration resources to save them for soldier’s usage. people contribute through lack of consumption.

the Lucetania

American ship full of civilians sunk by German forces in 1917. prompted US and Irish to join WWI. unified other countries against Germany.

debt

amount of money someone or something owes someone or something else

deficit

the result of spending beyond what was earned within a specified point of time (eg. fiscal year). all yearly deficits add up to equal debt.

deficit spending

intentionally spending money beyond what was brought in during a year with the goal of a particular benefit. (eg. college debt)

treaty of versailles

official end to WWI, treaty drafted by league of nations (precursor to nato and UN). big four: britain, france, italy, us. article 231.

article 231

germany accepts all of the blame for WWI because its allies don’t exist anymore. must pay other powers a lot of money. lost colonies, money, and territory. borrows money from the us and engages in deficit spending.