Sports MED 1 second semester
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37 Terms
What is the normal pulse rate for an adult?
60-100 bpm
What is the average heart rate for adults?
70-80 bpm
What is tachycardia?
A heart rate higher than 100 bpm.
What is bradycardia?
A heart rate below 60 bpm.
What is the resting pulse range for a conditioned athlete?
50-60 bpm.
What is the average pulse rate for teenagers?
60-70 bpm.
What does a thready pulse indicate?
A pulse over 100 bpm that is weak.
What factors can raise the pulse rate?
Pressure, attraction (stress/adrenaline), stimulant drugs, and dehydration.
What is the qualitative change in pulse during shock?
Weak and rapid (thready) pulse.
How does bleeding affect pulse rate?
It causes an increase in pulse rate followed by a progressive decrease in strength.
What pulse characteristics are associated with diabetic coma?
Racing, tachycardic, and thready pulse.
What pulse changes occur in heat exhaustion?
Pulse is normal to elevated.
What pulse changes occur in heat stroke?
Elevated pulse.
What pulse changes are associated with severe pain?
Tachycardia due to adrenaline.
What pulse changes are seen in skull fractures or head injuries?
Bradycardia.
What pulse changes occur during a stroke?
Tachycardia (aneurysm) and bradycardia (clot).
What is systolic blood pressure?
The top number in a blood pressure reading during heart contractions.
What is diastolic blood pressure?
The bottom number in a blood pressure reading during heart relaxation.
What is considered problematic systolic blood pressure?
Over 139 mmHg or below 100 mmHg.
What is considered problematic diastolic blood pressure?
Over 89 mmHg or below 65 mmHg.
How does the brain regulate breathing?
By detecting CO2 levels, which drop blood pH.
What is the normal breathing rate for individuals aged 15 and up at rest?
12 to 20 breaths per minute.
What is bradypnea?
A breathing rate of 11 or below.
What is tachypnea?
A breathing rate of 21 or above.
What is apnea?
A complete cessation of breathing.
What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit and Celsius?
98.6°F (37°C).
What are some causes of elevated body temperature?
Infection, heat illness, certain medications, and exercise.
What is heat exhaustion?
A condition of dehydration from water and/or electrolyte loss, characterized by weakness and profuse sweating.
What are the immediate treatments for heat exhaustion?
Give fluids in small sips, move to shade, elevate feet, and cease activity.
What is heat stroke?
A medical emergency characterized by hot, dry skin and high internal temperature, usually above 104°F.
What are the immediate treatments for heat stroke?
Call 911, remove from heat, cool the patient with ice packs, and monitor temperature.
What is hypothermia?
A condition where the body's core temperature drops below 95°F.
What are the symptoms of hypothermia?
Shivering, slurred speech, confusion, cyanosis, decreased pulse, and consciousness.
What is frostbite?
The freezing of skin and tissues, leading to reduced blood flow and potential permanent damage.
What are the immediate treatments for frostbite?
Call 911, remove jewelry, and slowly warm the affected area without rubbing.
What is the flash-to-bang method?
A method to estimate distance from lightning, calculated as 5 seconds per mile.
What does the 30/30 rule indicate?
If there are less than 30 seconds between thunder and lightning, wait 30 minutes before resuming activities.