Chapter 5: The Integumentary System and Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the integumentary system and muscle tissue, focusing on structure, function, and important definitions.

What are the three layers of the skin?

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis.

What is the main function of keratinocytes?

They produce keratin, making the skin waterproof and strong.

What is the mnemonic to remember the layers of the epidermis?

"Before Signing, Get Legal Counsel" (Basal, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum, Corneum).

What is the function of melanocytes?

They produce melanin, which gives skin color and protects against UV rays.

What type of skin cancer is most common and least dangerous?

Basal Cell Carcinoma.

What is the ABCD rule used for?

To identify melanoma.

What does the 'A' in the ABCD rule stand for?

Asymmetry - one half doesn’t match the other.

What kind of muscle is under voluntary control?

Skeletal muscle.

What are the four functions of muscles?

Movement, posture, stabilizing joints, generating heat.

What is the basic unit of muscle contraction?

Sarcomere.

In the Sliding Filament Theory, what initiates muscle contraction?

Release of calcium.

What are the two types of muscle attachments?

Origin and Insertion.

What happens to myosin during muscle contraction?

Myosin pulls on actin.

What causes the skin to look yellowish?

Carotene, found in certain foods like carrots.

What are dendritic cells responsible for?

Fighting off bacteria as part of the skin’s immune system.