Essentials of Sociology - Gender Inequality

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts from Chapter 9 of the Essentials of Sociology, focusing on gender inequality.

Gender binary

The classification of sex and gender into two discrete, opposite, and nonoverlapping forms of masculine and feminine.

Nonbinary

A gender identity that does not fit squarely into the male-female gender binary classification.

Biological essentialism

The view that differences between men and women are natural and inevitable consequences of the intrinsic biological natures of men and women.

Gender socialization

The learning of gender roles through social factors, such as schooling, peers, the media, and family.

Patriarchy

The dominance of men over women in society.

Gender inequality

The inequality between men and women in terms of wealth, income, and status.

Rape culture

The social context in which attitudes and norms perpetuate the treatment of women as sexual objects and instill in men a sense of sexual entitlement.

Toxic masculinity

A cluster of potentially destructive values or behaviors that have been historically part of boys’ socialization.

Liberal feminism

A form of feminist theory that believes gender inequality is produced by unequal access to civil rights and certain social resources.

Radical feminism

A form of feminist theory that believes gender inequality is the result of male domination in all aspects of social and economic life.

Black feminism

A strand of feminist theory that highlights the multiple disadvantages of gender, class, and race that shape the experiences of nonwhite women.

Transnational feminism

A branch of feminist theory that highlights the way that global processes, including colonialism, racism, and imperialism, shape gender relations and hierarchies.

Motherhood penalty

The disadvantages women face in the workplace when they become mothers.

Glass ceiling

An invisible barrier that prevents women from rising to the highest levels in a professional environment.

Gender Typing

The process of designating occupations as 'male' or 'female' jobs.

Gender pay gap

The average difference in pay between men and women in the workforce.