BIO1110-L00 A&PI Lecture Exam 2 Study Guide

This set of flashcards summarizes key concepts from the BIO1110-L00 A&PI lecture for Exam 2, covering major tissue types, functions, glandular categorizations, and more.

Four major tissue types

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous.

Functions of the epidermis

Protection, sensation, and regulation of water loss.

Dense regular connective tissue locations

Tendons and ligaments.

Dense irregular connective tissue locations

Dermis of the skin.

Types of muscle tissue

Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth.

Voluntary muscles

Skeletal muscles.

Involuntary muscles

Cardiac and smooth muscles.

Types of cell junctions

Tight junctions, Gap junctions, Desmosomes.

Human integumentary system structures

Skin, hair, nails, glands.

Layers of thick skin

Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, Stratum basale.

Layers of thin skin

Stratum corneum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, Stratum basale.

Up and down regulation

Hormonal response adjusting the sensitivity of target cells.

Make-up of areolar connective tissue

Fibroblasts, collagen fibers, elastin, ground substance.

Major endocrine glands

Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads.

Endocrine vs exocrine glands

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into blood; exocrine glands secrete substances through ducts.

Glandular tissue type

Epithelial tissue.

Function of melanin

Pigment that protects against UV radiation.

Makeup of compact bone tissue

Osteocytes, extracellular matrix, and minerals.

Function of transitional epithelial tissue

Allows stretching of the bladder.

Cutaneous membrane definition

Skin; protects underlying tissues.

Sebaceous glands secretion

Sebum, an oily substance.

Function of keratin

Provides strength and waterproofing.

Characteristics of epithelial tissue

Tightly packed cells, polarity, avascular, regenerative.

Characteristics of connective tissue

Diverse cell types, extracellular matrix, functions in support and binding.

Location of apocrine glands

In the axillary and genital regions.

Secretion of apocrine glands

Sweat containing fatty substances.

Five strata of the epidermis

Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, Stratum basale.

Mucous membranes location

Line body cavities that open to the exterior.

Histology definition

Study of tissues at the microscopic level.

Function of epithelial tissue

Covers surfaces, lines cavities, forms glands.

Connective tissue cell types

Fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, leukocytes.

Structures found in the dermis

Blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, glands.

Types of burns

First degree (epidermis), Second degree (epidermis and dermis), Third degree (all layers).

Endocrine vs nervous systems

Endocrine uses hormones for long-term effects; nervous system uses electrical impulses for rapid responses.