Imperialism in America and the French and Indian War

Flashcards reviewing key concepts from the lecture on imperialism in America and the French and Indian War.

What role did colonies play under the mercantile system?

Colonies provide food and raw materials to the mother country and serve as an outlet for British goods.

What benefits and limitations did colonists experience under British rule?

They benefited from English military protection and guaranteed markets but lacked full rights of citizenship and representation in Parliament.

What were the Navigation Acts?

Acts passed by Great Britain to control colonial trade for its own benefit. They aimed to limit trade with other countries and ensure the use of English ships.

What was the period of salutary neglect?

A period when British laws controlling colonial trade were not strictly enforced.

What was the purpose of the Lords of Trade?

Established by Charles II to enforce trade laws in the colonies.

Which colony was notorious for violating the Navigation Acts?

Massachusetts Bay was notorious for this.

What was the Dominion of New England?

A consolidation of several New England colonies under a single appointed governor.

Who was Edmund Andros?

The governor appointed to the Dominion of New England.

What actions by Edmund Andros angered the colonists?

He imposed taxes without legislative consent, ended trial by jury, and challenged land titles.

What was the Declaration of Indulgence issued by James II?

It granted liberty of worship to all, raising concerns among English Protestants.

How did Protestant leaders in England respond to James II's actions?

They invited William of Orange and Mary to take the throne.

What was the Glorious Revolution, and what was its impact?

William of Orange and Mary take the throne. It set a precedent for revolution against monarchs.

What were John Locke's key arguments about natural rights and government?

He argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property, and the right to overthrow rulers who violate those rights.

What was the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War)?

A war between Great Britain and France for control of North America, with Indian tribes allied to both sides.

Who controlled what territories during the French and Indian War?

The French controlled the Ohio Valley. The English controlled the Eastern Sea.

Which side seemed like they were going to win at the beginning of the French and Indian War, and why?

Fighting in European style didn't fare well, causing a military buildup for Britain

What was the significance of the Peace of Paris (1763)?

It officially ended French power in North America.

What were the key territorial outcomes of the Peace of Paris?

Britain gained territory east of the Mississippi River, Spain gained New Orleans and the Louisiana territory, and Spain gave Florida to Britain.

How did the French and Indian War pave the way for the American Revolution?

Assemblies gained power, military and political leaders were trained, and colonists developed a new sense of identity, contributing to the American Revolution.