mid term biology

what are the eight characteristics of life

made of cells, displays organization, Growth and development, Reproduction, Response to stimuli, Requires Energy, Maitains Homeostasis, Addaptations evole overtime

which elements are Carbohydrate made from?

Carbon

Hydrongen

Oxygen

which elements are Lipids made from?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

which elements are Protein made from?

carbon

hydrogen

oxygen

Nitrogen

which elements are Nucleic Acid made from?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

carbohydrate is what monomer

monosaccharide

lipid is what monomer

glycerol and fatty acids

protein is what monomer

Amino acids

Nucleic is what monomer

nucleotites

carbohydrate primary function

bodys main energy source

lipidprimary function

long term energy storage

protein primary function

essantial building block

Nucleic primary function

store genetic info

Which of the macromolecules stores the most energy?

Why?

Lipids

they have long chains with a lot of bonds

1. In general, making chemical bonds ___________________ energy in a

   molecule and breaking chemical bonds _______________________ energy.

create

release

What are the three parts of cell theory?

1. All living things are made of cells.

2. Cells are the basic unit of life.

3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

What are the two basic types of cells and what is the difference between the two?

Difference between them?

prokaryotic and ekaryotic

P=no necleus, mostly made of bacteria E= has Necleus

1. What is the primary difference between a plant and an animal cell? 

cell wall

Which materials transport through cell membranes most easily?

oxygen and carbon dexide

Diffusion is the movement of particles from areas of __________ to _____________ concentration.

High to low

Diffusion is a passive transport process. What does this mean?

No energy required

Osmosis is the diffusion of water from areas of ____________ to _____________ water concentration.

High to low

Is osmosis a passive or active transport process? ____________________________

passive

Active transport is movement from areas of _______________ to _____________ concentration.

2. What does it mean that it is an active process? ________________________________

Low to High

It requires energy

What is the photosynthesis equation?

6CO2+6H2O+Energy—C6H12O6+6CO2

Which types of organisms are able to do photosynthesis?

Plants,algae, and certain bacteria

Which organelle does photosynthesis take place in

Autotrophs

Chlorophyll is an example of a pigment, what is the role of pigments in photosynthesis?

capture specific wavelengths of sunlight, converting light energy into chemical energy (ATP, NADPH) needed to make food (sugars)

Which factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis in an organism? Think back to the virtual laboratories that we completed.

The amount of:

light

cardon deoxie

water

tempeture

How do the gases needed for and produced during photosynthesis get into and out of the plant?

light intensity/distance, CO2 concentration, and temperature

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6+6O2—-6CO2+6H2O

which types of organisms d ocellular resporation?

autotrophs and heterotrophs

humans, plants, bacteria

Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?

mitochondria

Give an example of a time a human would use lactic acid fermentation, instead of cellular respiration, for energy.

any thing that requires a lot of energy

which process, aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration results in more ATP

Aerobic

How many ATP are created from the breakdown of one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

36 ATP

Describe the primary differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration in organisms.

aerobic requires Oxygen

Anaerobic: Glycolysis and fermentation