Tissues - Connective

connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood

main classes of connective tissue

basis of skeleton, store and carry nutrients, lead fight against infection

important functions of connective tissue

true

connective tissue are vascular; true or false

ground substance and fibers

the extracellular matrix of connective tissue are made up of blank and blank

fibroblasts

in connective tissue proper; make protein subunits

fibroblasts

main tissue in connective cell types

chondroblasts

serete matrix in cartilage

osteoblasts

secrete matrix in bone

macrophages

large cells that are capable of moving about and ingesting foreign substances

mast cells

nonmotile cells that release chemicals that promote inflammation

collagen

(type of fiber) strongest; resist tension

reticular

(type of fiber) bundles of special type of cartilage

elastic

(type of fiber) contain elastin; recoil after stretching

ground substance

gel-like substance made of proteoglycan; holds tissue fluid and cushions/protects body structures

proteogylcan

trap large quantities of water between polysaccharides, which allows them to return to their original shape when compressed

areolar

(type of connective tissue proper) gel like matrix with all three fiber types

areolar

(type of connective tissue proper) wraps and cushions organs; holds and conveys tissue fluid; important role in inflammation

areolar

(type of connective tissue proper) widely distributed under epithelia; packages organs, surrounds capillaries

adipose

(type of connective tissue proper) closely packed adipocytes; have nucleus pushed to one side by fat droplet

adipose

(type of connective tissue proper) provides reserve food fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs

adipose

(type of connective tissue proper) under skin; around kidneys and within abdomen; behind eyeballs, in breasts, and bottom of feet

regular connective tissue

(type of connective tissue proper) attaches muscle to bone; attaches bone to bone

regular connective tissue

(type of connective tissue proper) in tendons and ligaments; fascia around muscles

dense irregular connective tissue

(type of connective tissue proper) collagen fibers are thick and irregularly arranged; contains some elastic fibers and fibroblasts

dense irregular connective tissue

(type of connective tissue proper) withstand tension; provides structural strength

dense irregular connective tissue

(type of connective tissue proper) in dermis of skin; fibrous capsules of joints; capsules surrounding organs, such as kidneys and bones

cartilage

(type of tissue) firm, flexible tissue; matrix contains up to 80% water

chondrocyte

cell type of cartilage

no

does cartilage have blood vessels? nerves?

chondroblasts

immature, cartilage cells; produce matrix of cartilage

hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

three types of cartilage

hyaline

(type of cartilage) collagen fibers; imperceptible

hyaline

(type of cartilage) resilient cushion, resists repetitive stress, function is protection

hyaline

(type of cartilage) in fetal skeleton, ends of long bones, costal cartilage of ribs, cartilage of nose, trachea, and larynx

elastic

(type of cartilage) similar to hyaline, more elastic fibers in the matrix

elastic

(type of cartilage) maintains shape of structure, allows great flexibility

elastic

(type of cartilage) in external ear and epiglottis

fibrocartilage

(type of cartilage) matrix similar, but less firm than hyaline, thick collagen fibers predominate

fibrocartilage

(type of cartilage) tensile strength and ability to absorb shock

fibrocartilage

(type of cartilage) in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and discs of knee joint

inorganic calcium salts and abundance of collage fibers

the bone matrix contains blank and blank

osteblasts

secrete collagen fibers and ground substance of the matrix

osteocytes

mature bone cells in lacunae

yes, very

is bone vascular?

supports and protects organs, provides levers and attachment site for muscles, stores calcium and fat

functions of compact bone

bone marrow

the site for blood cell formation

spongy bone

(type of bone) trabeculae (plates) of bone with lots of spaces between

compact bone

(type of bone) solid, with almost no space between many thin layers of mineralized matrix

blood tissue

(type of tissue) red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma), liquid connective tissue

blood tissue

(type of tissue) transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wasted

blood tissue

(type of tissue) within blood vessels

endocrine glands

ductile glands that secrete directly into surrounding tissue fluid

hormones

endocrine glands produce blank

exocrine

glands that have ducts that carry products to epithelial surface

unicellular

blank glands are composed of only a single cell

simple

blank glands are multicellular and have a single, nonbranched duct

compound

blank glands are multicellular and have several branched ducts

mammary, lacrimal, sweat, salivary

examples of exocrine glands

columnar epithelium

where are unicellular glands usually found?

mucin

goblet cells produce blank

protects and lubricates body surfaces, contains Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles

what does mucin do?

epithelium and secretory unit

what are the two parts of multicellular exocrine glands?

tubular

straight tubed secretory unit

acinar/alveolar

saclike secretory unit

tight junction

(type of cell junction) close off intercellular space

apical region of most epithelial cells

where are tight junctions found?

fuse proteins in plasma membrane of adjacent cells; prevent certain molecules from passing between cells of epithelial tissue

what do tight junctions do?

adhesive belt junction

(type of cell junction) anchoring junction

transmembrane linker proteins attach to actin microfilaments of the cytoskeleton and bind adjacent cells

what do adhesive belt junctions do?

desmosomes

(type of cell junction) main junctions for binding cells together

scattered along sides of adjacent cells

where are desmosomes located?

cardiac muscle and epithelial tissue

desmosomes are common in blank and blank

a plaque ont he cytoplasmic side of each plasma membrane

in desmosomes, there is blank

gap junctions

(type of cell junction) passageway between two adjacent cells

let small molecules move directly betwene neighboring cells; function in intercellular communication

what do gap junctions do?