Oral Anatomy

What does the term "facial" refer to?

The surface of a tooth in the mouth resting against or next to the cheeks or lips.

Which teeth are considered "labial"?

Anterior teeth that touch the lips. the Incisors and Canine teeth

Which teeth are considered "buccal"?

Posterior teeth that touch the cheeks. the Premolar and Molar teeth

What does the term "palatal" refer to?

The surface of a maxillary tooth nearest the palate and tongue.

What does the term "lingual" refer to?

The surface of a mandibular tooth nearest the palate and tongue. The surface of a tooth that can be used on both maxillary and mandibular teeth.

What is the "mesial" surface of a tooth?

The surface closer to the midline.

What is the "distal" surface of a tooth?

The surface farther from the midline.

What do anterior teeth have instead of an occlusal surface?

They have a cutting incisal edge or ridge at the end/tip of each tooth.

What is the "occlusal" surface of a tooth?

The chewing surface of a posterior tooth, such as premolars and molars.

What is a quadrant?

It contains one-fourth of all the teeth in a dentition.

What is dentition?

Refers to all of the teeth in the oral cavity/mouth together.

What is the maxillary arch?

Refers to the teeth in the upper jawbones

Contains one fourth of all teeth in a dentition.

Quadrant

The surface of a tooth in the mouth resting against or next to the cheeks or lips.

Facial

What is the Mandibular arch?

Refers to the teeth in the lower jawbone

What is/are the Hard tissues of a tooth?

Enamel, Dentin, Cementum

What is/ are the soft tissues of a tooth?

Pulp

What is the Periodontal Ligament?

The Periodontal Ligament is a thin ligament composed of tissue fibers that

Enamel

White, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown

Dentin

hard yellowish tissue underlying the enamel and cementum

Cementum

Dull yellow external layer of the tooth rooth

Pulp

Soft tissue in the cavity or space in the center of the crown and root

DentinoEnamel Junction (DEJ)

Inner surface of the enamel cap where enamel joins dentin

CementoDentinal Junction (CDJ)

Inner surface of cementum where cementum joins dentin

Cervical Line Curvature (CEJ)

Curvature of the cervical line of a tooth towards the incisal or occlusal surface

Apex

Anatomic area at the tip/ end of the rooth

Apical foramen

Opening where nerves and blood vessels enter into the tooth pulp

Periodontium

Supporting tissues of the teeth, including alveolar bone, gingival, periodontal ligament, and cementum

Alveolar bone

Portion of the upper or lower jawbone that surrounds the root of the teeth

Gingiva

Soft tissue in the mouth that covers the alveolar bone of the jaws

Free Gingiva

Collar of thin gingiva surrounding each tooth

Attached gingiva

Portion of the gingiva firmly bound to the underlying alveolar bone

Interdental papilla

Part of the collar of free gingiva that extends between the teeth

What is enamel?

Enamel is the white, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown of a tooth.

What quadrant does this bracket refers to “⏌”

Quadrant 1

What quadrant does this bracket refers to “⎿ ”

Quadrant 2

What quadrant does this bracket refers to “⏋”

Quadrant 4

What quadrant does this bracket refers to “⎾”

Quadrant 3

Permanent Maxillary Right Third molar

Universal Numbering: 1
Zsigmondy Notation: 8⏌
FDI: 18

Permanent Maxillary Right Second molar

Universal Numbering: 2
Zsigmondy Notation: 7⏌
FDI: 17

Permanent Maxillary Right First molar

Universal Numbering: 3
Zsigmondy Notation: 6⏌
FDI: 16

Permanent Maxillary Right Second premolar

Universal Numbering: 4
Zsigmondy Notation: 5⏌
FDI: 15

Permanent Maxillary Right First premolar

Universal Numbering: 5
Zsigmondy Notation: 4⏌
FDI: 14

Permanent Maxillary Right Canine

Universal Numbering: 6
Zsigmondy Notation: 3⏌
FDI: 13

Permanent Maxillary Right Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: 7
Zsigmondy Notation: 2⏌
FDI:12

Permanent Maxillary Right Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: 8
Zsigmondy Notation: 1⏌
FDI: 11

Permanent Maxillary Left Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: 9
Zsigmondy Notation:⎿ 1
FDI: 21

Permanent Maxillary Left Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: 10
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿2
FDI: 22

Permanent Maxillary Left Canine

Universal Numbering: 11
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿ 3
FDI: 23

Permanent Maxillary Left First premolar

Universal Numbering: 12
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿ 4
FDI: 24

Permanent Maxillary Left Second Premolar

Universal Numbering: 13
Zsigmondy Notation:⎿5
FDI: 25

Permanent Maxillary Left First Molar

Universal Numbering: 14
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿ 6
FDI: 26

Permanent Maxillary Left Second Molar

Universal Numbering: 15
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿7
FDI: 27

Permanent Maxillary Left Third Molar

Universal Numbering: 16
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿8
FDI: 28

Permanent Mandibular Left Third Molar

Universal Numbering: 17
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾8
FDI: 38

Permanent Mandibular Left Second Molar

Universal Numbering: 18
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾7
FDI: 37

Permanent Mandibular Left First Molar

Universal Numbering: 19
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾6
FDI: 36

Permanent Mandibular Left Second Premolar

Universal Numbering: 20
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾5
FDI: 35

Permanent Mandibular Left First Premolar

Universal Numbering: 21
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾4
FDI: 34

Permanent Mandibular Left Canine

Universal Numbering: 22
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾3
FDI: 33

Permanent Mandibular Left Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: 23
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾2
FDI: 32

Permanent Mandibular Left Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: 24
Zsigmondy Notation:⎾1
FDI:31

Permanent Mandibular Right Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: 25
Zsigmondy Notation: 1⏋
FDI: 41

Permanent Mandibular Right Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: 26
Zsigmondy Notation: 2⏋
FDI: 42

Permanent Mandibular Right Canine

Universal Numbering: 27
Zsigmondy Notation: 3⏋
FDI: 43

Permanent Mandibular Right First Premolar

Universal Numbering: 28
Zsigmondy Notation: 4⏋
FDI: 44

Permanent Mandibular Right Second Premolar

Universal Numbering: 29
Zsigmondy Notation: 5⏋
FDI: 45

Permanent Mandibular Right First Molar

Universal Numbering: 30
Zsigmondy Notation: 6⏋
FDI: 46

Permanent Mandibular Right Second Molar

Universal Numbering: 31
Zsigmondy Notation: 7⏋
FDI: 47

Permanent Mandibular Right Third Molar

Universal Numbering: 32
Zsigmondy Notation: 8⏋
FDI:48

Deciduous Maxillary Right Second molar

Universal Numbering: a
Zsigmondy Notation: e⏌
FDI: 55

Deciduous Maxillary Right First Molar

Universal Numbering: b
Zsigmondy Notation: d⏌
FDI: 54

Deciduous Maxillary Right Canine

Universal Numbering: c
Zsigmondy Notation: c⏌
FDI: 53

Deciduous Maxillary Right Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: d
Zsigmondy Notation: b⏌
FDI: 52

Deciduous Maxillary Right Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: e
Zsigmondy Notation: a⏌
FDI: 51

Deciduous Maxillary Left Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: f
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿a
FDI: 61

Deciduous Maxillary Left Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: g
Zsigmondy Notation:⎿b
FDI: 62

Deciduous Maxillary Left Canine

Universal Numbering: h
Zsigmondy Notation:⎿c
FDI: 63

Deciduous Maxillary Left First Molar

Universal Numbering: i
Zsigmondy Notation:⎿d
FDI: 64

Deciduous Maxillary Left Second Molar

Universal Numbering: j
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎿e
FDI: 65

Deciduous Mandibular Left Second Molar

Universal Numbering: k
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾e
FDI: 75

Deciduous Mandibular Left First Molar

Universal Numbering: l
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾d
FDI: 74

Deciduous Mandibular Left Canine

Universal Numbering: m
Zsigmondy Notation:⎾c
FDI: 73

Deciduous Mandibular Left Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: n
Zsigmondy Notation: ⎾b
FDI: 72

Deciduous Mandibular Left Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: o
Zsigmondy Notation:⎾a
FDI: 71

Deciduous Mandibular Right Central Incisor

Universal Numbering: p
Zsigmondy Notation: a⏋
FDI: 81

Deciduous Mandibular Right Lateral Incisor

Universal Numbering: q
Zsigmondy Notation: b⏋
FDI: 82

Deciduous Mandibular Right Canine

Universal Numbering: r
Zsigmondy Notation: c⏋
FDI: 83

Deciduous Mandibular Right First Molar

Universal Numbering: s
Zsigmondy Notation: d⏋
FDI: 84

Deciduous Mandibular Right Second Molar

Universal Numbering: t
Zsigmondy Notation: e⏋
FDI:85

Primary Dentition formula

Permanent Dentition formula

Succedaneous

• Permanent teeth that replace the deciduous teeth in the dental arch

• Central Incisors, Lateral Incisors, Canines, Premolars

Non-succedaneous

• They do not have predecessors, and they do not succeed or replace deciduous teeth

• Permanent molars

• Maxillary and Mandibular 1st, 2nd, and 3rd

Mixed dentition Stage

• Dentition with mixed permanent teeth and primary teeth

• Usually happens at the age 6 -12

• By 12 yrs old there is no primary teeth

Sequence of emergence in Primary Teeth

Sequence of emergence in Permanent teeth

Edentulous

No teeth (6 months old)

Primary Dentition Only

6 months to 2 years old: all primary teeth are erupting into the child’s mouth

2 to 6 years old: All 20 primary teeth are present; no permanent teeth are yet visible

Mixed dentition

• 6 years old: permanent teeth start to appear emergence = first molars. loss = primary mandibular central incisors

• 6 to 9 years old: All eight permanent incisors replace primary incisors that are exfoliated (shed).

• 9 to 12 years old: All four permanent canines and eight premolars replace primary canines and molars.

• 12 years old: Second molars (also called 12-year molars) emerge distal to the permanent first molars