Studied by 9 people
Honestly just stuff I got from an Edpuzzle. Still, should be some help to ya.
Organic Chemistry
The study of carbon-containing compounds.
Four valence electrons
Carbon has ____________, making it able to have four covalent bonds at the same time.
Isomers
Molecules with the same formula but different structures are called ______, as they can completely change the function of a molecule.
Enantiomers
A sub-category of isomers; essentially mirror-images of the original molecule.
Geometrical Isomers
A sub-category of isomers; where the atoms are arranged differently, but with the same bonds as the original.
Structural Isomers
A sub-category of isomers; when atoms are bonded to different atoms in comparison to ther original.
Functional Groups
These different GROUPS of different atoms/molecules give compounds and macromolecules their different properties, or FUNCTIONS.
Hydroxyl
-Polar, Hydrophilic
-good for reactions
-Becomes an alcohol when R is a alkyl group
Carbonyl
-Common in carbohydrates
-Not to be confused with group of similar name
Carboxyl
-Acidic, attached to amino ACIDS
-Not to be confused with group of similar name
Amino
-Basic
-Compounds are amines
-Attached to AMINO acids
Sulfhydryl
-Also referred to as a thiol group
-Compounds are thiols
-stabilizes some proteins, so sometimes found in amino acids
-smells really bad
Phosphate
-good for energy transfer
-found in ATP(it’s the P, by the way) and special lipids for the cell membrane
Methyl
-Super important for gene expression, found in nucleic acids
-hydrophobic, so found in lipids, too
