Anatomy Regional Terms, pH, Buffers, and Chemical Reactions

Vocabulary flashcards covering regional and anatomical body terms, pH concepts, buffers, chemical reactions, catalysts, and enzymes based on the provided course material.

Abdominal region

The area over the abdomen that is inferior to the diaphragm and superior to the bony pelvis.

Acromial region

The area over the lateral part of the shoulder that contains the acromion of the scapula.

Antebrachial region

The anterior forearm.

Antecubital region

The anterior upper limb between the forearm and arm (over the elbow joint).

Axillary region

The area in and around the axilla (armpit).

Brachial region

The anterior and posterior arm (between the elbow and the shoulder).

Buccal region

The lateral portions of the face corresponding to the cheeks.

Calcaneal region

The heel of the foot.

Carpal region

The wrist.

Cephalic region

The entire head from the chin to the top of the head.

Cervical region

The neck.

Cranial region

The top of the head, or the portion of the skull that encases the brain.

Crural region

The anterior leg, or the shin.

Digital region

The fingers or the toes.

Femoral region

The thigh.

Frontal region

The forehead.

Gluteal region

The buttock.

Inguinal region

The area along the inguinal ligament that divides the pelvis from the thigh.

Lumbar region

The lower back.

Mammary region

The area around the breast.

Manual region

The general area of the hand.

Mental region

The chin.

Nasal region

The nose.

Nuchal region

The ridge that runs along the back of the skull at the superior boundary of the occipital region.

Occipital region

The general area of the back of the skull.

Oral region

The mouth.

Orbital region

The area around the eye.

Otic region

The area around the ear.

Palmar region

The anterior hand (the palm of the hand).

Patellar region

The anterior part of the knee over the patella (kneecap).

Pedal region

The foot.

Pelvic region

The anterior pelvis.

Plantar region

The bottom of the foot.

Popliteal region

The posterior side of the knee joint.

Pubic region

The area over the pubic bone.

Scapular region

The area over the scapula in the superior back.

Sternal region

The area in the middle of the chest over the sternum.

Sural region

The posterior part of the leg (the calf).

Tarsal region

The ankle region.

Thoracic region

The general chest area.

Umbilical region

The area around the umbilicus (belly button).

Vertebral region

The area over the vertebral column (spine).

Arm (Anatomical Noun)

The portion of the upper limb from the elbow to the shoulder.

Forearm (Anatomical Noun)

The portion of the upper limb from the elbow to the wrist.

Leg (Anatomical Noun)

The portion of the lower limb from the knee to the ankle.

Lower limb

The entire portion of the body from the hip to the digits of the foot.

Thigh

The portion of the lower limb from the hip to the knee.

Upper limb

The entire portion of the body from the shoulder to the digits of the hand.

pH

A negative logarithm representing the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution.

Neutral pH

A pH of $7$, where the number of hydrogen ions equals the number of base ions in the solution.

Buffer

A chemical that resists large or dramatic changes in pH by binding added hydrogen ions when an acid is added or releasing hydrogen ions when a base is added.

Buffered solution

A solution to which a buffer has been added.

Chemical reactions

Interactions in which chemical bonds are formed, broken, or rearranged, or electrons are transferred between reactants.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, allowing it to be reused after the reaction has completed.

Enzymes

Biological catalysts, nearly all of which are proteins, that speed up chemical reactions in the body by reducing activation energy.

Activation energy

The amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to proceed.