Ch. 2 Flashcards / Test Review

The intentional tort committed when a patient is physically restrained from leaving a facility without legal authorization is _____.

False Imprisonment

Which legal doctrine applies to a wrong-site surgery where the event itself is considered sufficient evidence of negligence?

Res Ipsa Loquitur

Negligence

The omission or commission of an act that a reasonable and prudent professional would not do under similar circumstances.

What specific term describes professional negligence where a licensed professional's misconduct causes harm to a patient?

Malpractice

During the discovery process, what is the term for a pre-trial testimony given under oath and recorded by a court reporter?

Deposition

A surgical error resulting from an accident, such as a retained foreign object, is classified as an _____ tort.

Unintentional

If an unconscious emergency patient requires immediate treatment to prevent serious harm, permission is recognized as _____ consent.

Implied

What non-legal document is maintained by a surgeon to specify their preferred equipment and room setup for procedures?

Preference card

Which healthcare provider is ultimately responsible for explaining risks, benefits, and alternatives to secure informed consent?

The surgeon

Which national accrediting body established the 'Do Not Use' abbreviation list to reduce medical errors?

The Joint Commission

After a patient safety event, what document is completed specifically for review by the risk management department?

Incident report

What is the legal status of a married 16-year-old who is authorized to consent to medical treatment independently?

Emancipated minor

A written instruction, such as a living will, that records a patient's treatment preferences for future use is an _____.

Advance directive

What is the term for the process of making accurate, timely, and legal entries in a patient's health record?

Documentation

The American Hospital Association document that describes patient rights and expectations in simple language is the _____.

Patient Care Partnership

Which federal law protects patient health information and addresses healthcare fraud and insurance portability?

HIPAA

In legal terms, a civil wrong that causes harm is known as a _____.

Tort

The patient's legal right and authority to make their own healthcare decisions is called _____.

Autonomy

What term refers to standards of professional conduct based on moral expectations of right and wrong?

Ethics

A situation presenting competing moral values where no choice is perfectly free of consequences is an _____.

Ethical dilemma

Which term defines the legal and professional tasks a CST can perform based on education, law, and policy?

Scope of practice

The evaluation of an educational program to determine if it meets established quality standards is known as _____.

Accreditation

Through which organization does a graduate of an accredited surgical technology program apply for the national certification exam?

NBSTSA

A CST's inner commitment to reporting any break in sterile technique is referred to as _____.

Surgical conscience

Under the _____ doctrine, responsibility for a team member's failure may be assigned to the person directing their work rather than their employer.

Borrowed Servant

A lawsuit seeking monetary damages for an injury caused by an operating room error is a _____ action.

Civil

The failure to remain responsible for a patient's care, such as leaving a medicated patient unattended, is called _____.

Abandonment

Which specific perioperative document records positioning, prep, time-outs, counts, and team members?

Operative record

The landmark safety report 'To Err Is Human' brought national attention to preventable _____.

Medical errors

What is the abbreviation for the coalition of perioperative professions dedicated to advancing patient and worker safety?

CSPS

Which federal agency must receive reports regarding medical devices that may have contributed to patient harm?

FDA

The doctrine stating a surgeon is responsible for the OR team's actions unless individual responsibility is established is _____.

Captain of the Ship

The broad permission signed at hospital admission covering routine services is _____ consent.

General

How should a charting error be corrected to ensure the mistake remains traceable in the legal record?

A single line strike-through with initials

Aeger Primo

The guiding principle of the AST meaning "The Patient First."

What Latin phrase translates to "Above all, do no harm"?

Primum Non Nocere

Under the doctrine of _____, an employer is held responsible for the actions of their employees.

Respondeat Superior

The ability to predict an outcome in advance and anticipate that harm might result from an act is the doctrine of _____.

Foreseeability

What is the term for a safety event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm?

Sentinel Event

What is the term for a safety event that was caught before it reached the patient?

Near Miss

A _____ order specifies that no CPR or intubation will be performed in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest.

DNR

Which legal document provides an individual the power to make medical or financial decisions for an incapacitated person?

Power of Attorney

In the surgical setting, the designated hands-free area used for passing sharps to prevent injury is the _____.

Neutral zone

An injury resulting from the activity of healthcare professionals is called an _____.

Iatrogenic injury

The requirement that a patient must receive understandable info about a procedure and its risks before agreeing is _____ consent.

Informed

A deliberate system used to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes is a _____.

Policy

Laws established by a state that define the requirements for medical licensure are called _____.

Medical Practice Acts

The Surgical Safety Checklist process performed immediately before the surgical incision is the _____.

TIMEOUT

A written statement, either verbal or recorded, that grants direct permission for treatment is _____ consent.

Expressed

The doctrine stating that every individual is responsible for their own conduct is the Doctrine of _____.

Personal Liability

What is the specific name for the form of consent required for procedures involving abnormal risk, such as surgery or anesthesia?

Special Consent

A DNI order specifically means that cardiac drugs and chest compressions may be used, but no _____ will be placed.

Breathing tube

In a hospital, who is responsible for the formal declaration of the legal time of death?

The physician

Which legal doctrine focuses on the standard of what a person of ordinary prudence would do in a given situation?

Reasonable Prudent Person

The process of identifying hazards before an event occurs to prevent patient harm is the core of _____.

Risk management