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Article 1
where the congress is outlined in the constitution
Chambers
Either the House or Senate in congress (they check and balance within congress!)voters in districts
voters in districts
how do representatives get elected (previously there were rules to benefit white men)
2 years
term of representatives (short = keep accountable to the people of the united states)
Purpose of house
to be close to the people and their needs/ know people’s preferences
25 years old, resident of their state, citizen 7 years
requirements for representatives
impeachment
the house issues the articles of…
raise taxes/ revenue
the bills to __________ start in the house
voters in state
how are senators elected?
17th
amendment that changed senators from being elected by state legislatures to by actual voters
6 years
term of senators
Staggered
senator elections are… (divide into 3 classes, 1/3 of senators reelected every 2 years)
435
the house has ____ members
100
the senate has ___ members
Stability
purpose of senate (insulated from voter’s preferences)
30 years old, resident of their state, citizen 9 years
requirements for senators
the senate
who confirms the prez, propose budgetary amendments, and ratify treaties/ confirm ambassadors for foreign policy?
powers of congress
lawmaking, budgeting, and overseeing officials
Enumerated Powers (of congress)
collect taxes, coin/ borrow $, regulate commerce, declare war/ raise army, create levels of judiciary below supreme court
federal budget
congress sets the _____ (then gives fund to agencies/ programs and listens to prez suggestions for funding)
Bureaucratic Agency
funded and elected by congress; nonelected officials in government
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
regulates information about congress’ spending
Pork barrel spending
funding specific projects in districts/ states (narrow interest v. whole country, done through earmarks)
log rolling
when members of congress in one state trade votes for another states’ earmarks to get their own passed (BANNED in 2011 by the house)
Earmarks
allocation of money to specific projects in states or districts (similar to categorical grants)
criticism of earmarks
benefit only a few people versus the whole country (more specific)
Frost and Davis
people who argued that earmarks help limit executive power over the budget and motivate representatives and senators to work/ be productive for their own state
Oversight
efforts by congress to ensure that executive branch agencies, bureaus, and cabinets are acting legally and in accordance with congressional goals
Hearing
Congress can call ___ when there is perceived failure of the executive/ investigation needed (ex. fraud or when didn’t respond adequately to Hurricane Katrina)
2/3 of senate
Must approve for an impeachment to occur
Nixon
who resigned before impeachment was finished?