Lymphatic System and Immune Function Review

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These flashcards cover key concepts related to the lymphatic system and its relationship with the immune system, emphasizing definitions and functions critical for understanding the material.

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19 Terms

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Lymphatic System

A network of vessels, tissues, and organs that help maintain fluid balance and play a crucial role in the immune system.

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Interstitial Fluid

Fluid found in the spaces between cells; originates from blood plasma and facilitates nutrient exchange.

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Filtration Pressure

The pressure in capillaries that pushes fluids out into interstitial spaces; driven by blood pressure.

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Oncotic Pressure

The pressure exerted by plasma proteins that pulls water back into the capillaries.

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Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation in tissues, often due to imbalances in fluid return to the circulation.

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Lymph

Fluid that collects in lymphatic capillaries, originating from interstitial fluid; carries immune cells and foreign particles.

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Lymphatic Capillaries

Small, dead-ended vessels that collect lymph from interstitial spaces.

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Lymph Nodes

Small structures of the lymphatic system that filter lymph and serve as sites for immune cell communication and proliferation.

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Antigen

Any substance that prompts an immune response, such as parts of pathogens.

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Lymphocytes

White blood cells within the lymphatic system that play critical roles in the immune response, including B cells and T cells.

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B Lymphocytes

A type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies and matures in bone marrow.

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T Lymphocytes

A type of lymphocyte that matures in the thymus; involved in cell-mediated immunity.

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Cisterna Chyli

A dilated sac that collects lymph from the lower body and intestines before it enters the thoracic duct.

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Thoracic Duct

The largest lymphatic vessel, which drains lymph into the venous circulation at the left subclavian vein.

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Right Lymphatic Duct

Drains lymph from the right upper body into the venous system.

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Natural Killer Cells

A type of lymphocyte that provides rapid responses to virally infected cells and tumors.

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Macrophage

A type of immune cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris and pathogens; crucial for initiating immune responses.

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Helper T Cells

T lymphocytes that help activate other lymphocytes and enhance the immune response.

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Cytotoxic T Cells

T lymphocytes that are effective in killing infected or cancerous cells.